. Young people's history of Virginia and Virginians . on a covenantwith death, and a league with hell became the loudestadvocates of a perpetual and indestructible Union, whichmust be maintained at all hazards. The responsibilityfor the war was shifted from those who began it, bv theattempt to forcibly reinforce Sumter, to the Confederates,who, having due notice of the coming invasion, took^suchmeasures as would prevent the lodgment of a hostile armyin the strongest fortress within their territory. The attackon Sumter was justified by the well-established principle ofpublic law that the aggres
. Young people's history of Virginia and Virginians . on a covenantwith death, and a league with hell became the loudestadvocates of a perpetual and indestructible Union, whichmust be maintained at all hazards. The responsibilityfor the war was shifted from those who began it, bv theattempt to forcibly reinforce Sumter, to the Confederates,who, having due notice of the coming invasion, took^suchmeasures as would prevent the lodgment of a hostile armyin the strongest fortress within their territory. The attackon Sumter was justified by the well-established principle ofpublic law that the aggressor in war is not the first whouses force, but the first who renders force necessary. Lincolns Call for Troops.—President Lincoln issued his OF Virginia and Virginians 189 proclamation April 15th, calling upon the several Statesfor their respective quotas of 75,000 men to suppress com-binations in the seceded States too powerful for the law tocontend with. The governors of the Northern Statespromptly responded to the call, and the governors of the. CAPITOL BUILDING AT RICHMOND slaveholding States as promptly declined; for which theyhad a precedent in the action of the governor of Massachu-setts, who, in the war of 1812, refused the request of the Presi-dent of the United States for its quota of militia to defendthe country against a foreign foe. Armies began to begathered at Washington under General Scott; at Chambers-burg, Pa., under General Patterson; near Wheeling, Va.,under General McClellan, and under General Butler at For-tress Monroe. These four armies were to be directed againstVirginia, and the Confederates made haste to meet the threat-ened attack. Troops were sent to Western Virginia underGeneral Robert S. Garnett. General Joseph E. Johnston 190 Young Peoples History began organizing an army at Harpers Ferry, General Beaure-gard at Manassas, and General Huger at Norfolk. Capital Removed to Richmond.—On the 21st of May,1S61, Richmond became the Confederate capital
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