. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. Vol. LXXX, No. 2 THE April, 1Q41 BIOLOGICAL BULLETIN PUBLISHED BY THE MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY THE TRANSPORT OF CO2 IN THE BLOOD OF CERTAIN FRESHWATER FISHES J. K. W. FERGUSON AND E. C. BLACK (From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, and the Department of Zoology, Swarthmore College} The effect of carbon dioxide (and other acids) on the affinity of the hemoglobin in fish blood for oxygen varies greatly from species to species (Redfield, 1933). In some species not only the affinity of the blood for oxyg
. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Biology; Marine Biology. Vol. LXXX, No. 2 THE April, 1Q41 BIOLOGICAL BULLETIN PUBLISHED BY THE MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY THE TRANSPORT OF CO2 IN THE BLOOD OF CERTAIN FRESHWATER FISHES J. K. W. FERGUSON AND E. C. BLACK (From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, and the Department of Zoology, Swarthmore College} The effect of carbon dioxide (and other acids) on the affinity of the hemoglobin in fish blood for oxygen varies greatly from species to species (Redfield, 1933). In some species not only the affinity of the blood for oxygen, but the oxygen capacity too, is greatly diminished by relatively low pressures of CO, (Root, 1931). The physiological and ecological implications of great differences in affinity for oxygen and sensitivity to CO2 have become more apparent as a result of a series of studies on freshwater fish, which are summarized in a recent paper by Black (1940). A few of the findings may be recapitulated briefly as follows. Carbon dioxide decreases the affinity of the blood for oxygen to a greater degree in those fish inhabiting deeper and colder water. The same bloods have also a lower affinity for oxygen at minimal pres- sures of CO2. These two characteristics would act to offset the effect of low temperatures, which is to lower the pressure at which oxygen is available to the tissues. Another manner in which sensitivity to CO2 may be useful to fish inhabiting deep water, is in the regulation of buoyancy at different depths, by facilitating the formation in the swim- bladder of gases rich in oxygen, as suggested by Haldane (1922) and Hall (1924). The present study was designed with two objects in mind. The first was to investigate the mechanisms by which the great differences in sensitivity to CO2 are achieved. The second was to determine the probable range of physiological tensions of CO2 in a series of fresh- water fish comprising some of those used in the foregoing studies. This info
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