. A treatise on pruning forest and ornamental r wounds madein pruning renders the ap-plication of his rule in allcases entirely safe. Formation of Wood. — Thereason that a branch shouldbe cut close and even withthe trunk is found in oneof the simple laws of plantlife. It is known that saphas a double movement, —that it mounts from theroots to the leaves, andreturns again in an elabo-rated condition to the roots. Roots take up water from J-^ of the trunk of an■•■ unpruned Oak ruined by the decay of its the soil in which there are lower salts in solution. Thi


. A treatise on pruning forest and ornamental r wounds madein pruning renders the ap-plication of his rule in allcases entirely safe. Formation of Wood. — Thereason that a branch shouldbe cut close and even withthe trunk is found in oneof the simple laws of plantlife. It is known that saphas a double movement, —that it mounts from theroots to the leaves, andreturns again in an elabo-rated condition to the roots. Roots take up water from J-^ of the trunk of an■•■ unpruned Oak ruined by the decay of its the soil in which there are lower salts in solution. This water rises to theleaves; these absorb from the air and decomposecarbonic acid gas, the basis of which is carbon,which combined with water constitutes the elementsof wood. The sap thus elaborated by the leavesis carried down again in a liquid state and isdeposited, year after year, in the successive concen-tric layers of wood which form the trunks of alltrees, with the exception of Palms, Yuccas, &c.,which need not now be


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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1900, booksubjectpruning, bookyear1906