. The lives and campaigns of Grant and Lee. A comparison and contrast of the deeds and characters of the two great leaders in the civil war . strength of his oppon-ent, or of his movements, McClellan had arrived withintwenty miles of him. Lee then hastily formed a design ofmoving his army into Western Maryland, taking possessionof the mountain passes, opening communications with Rich-mond by way of the Shenandoah Valley, drawing the Fed-erals into that hilly country, and, perhaps, fighting a had supposed that the advance upon Frederick wouldcause the evacuation of Harpers Ferry; but
. The lives and campaigns of Grant and Lee. A comparison and contrast of the deeds and characters of the two great leaders in the civil war . strength of his oppon-ent, or of his movements, McClellan had arrived withintwenty miles of him. Lee then hastily formed a design ofmoving his army into Western Maryland, taking possessionof the mountain passes, opening communications with Rich-mond by way of the Shenandoah Valley, drawing the Fed-erals into that hilly country, and, perhaps, fighting a had supposed that the advance upon Frederick wouldcause the evacuation of Harpers Ferry; but this did notoccur. Believing it to be necessary, or, at least, important,to possess this point, and further believing that it would besurrendered on call, he now dispatched Jackson to proceedby way of Martinsburg against it, while Longstreet wasdirected to move westward through the passes of SouthMountain. Small forces were sent against Loudon andMaryland Heights to cooperate with Jackson. Lee thus again committed the error of dividing his forcesinto parts, almost in the presence of the enemy; and, had SURRENDER OF HARPER S FERRY. 813. MAP OF THE INVASION OF MARYLAND. the cowardly commander at Harpers Ferry, Miles, heldout a day or two longer, even after Jackson had closed himin, there can be but little doubt that the Confederate armywould have been irretrievably lost at Antietam. As it was,it suffered, in consequence, the worst handling that it hadhitherto experienced. Shortly after Lee left Frederick, McClellan arrived, andwas so fortunate as to capture a copy of the order that Leehad issued for his present movements. He at once issuedorders to take advantage of this fortune, and his corps weredirected towards Middleton, where his vanguard struck the 814 THE LIVES AND CAMPAIGNS OF GRANT AND LEE. rear of Lees army (13th Sept.) and drove it out of thetown. Lees main body was now at Hagerstown; but whenhe perceived that it was his opponents intention to passbetween him and Jacks
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