. A practical course in botany, with especial reference to its bearings on agriculture, economics, and sanitation. Botany. 218 PRACTICAL COURSE IN BOTANY insect visitors by its conspicuous appearance ? What is the use of the projecting underlip? Is it any convenience to a bee, for instance, to have a platform to rest on while gather- ing pollen or honey ? What is the use of the arched upper lip ? Cut it away and notice the exposed condition of the stamens and pistil. Turn a flower upside down; what would be the effect on a visiting bee or butterfly? (Exps. 83, 84.) 244. Morphology of the flowe
. A practical course in botany, with especial reference to its bearings on agriculture, economics, and sanitation. Botany. 218 PRACTICAL COURSE IN BOTANY insect visitors by its conspicuous appearance ? What is the use of the projecting underlip? Is it any convenience to a bee, for instance, to have a platform to rest on while gather- ing pollen or honey ? What is the use of the arched upper lip ? Cut it away and notice the exposed condition of the stamens and pistil. Turn a flower upside down; what would be the effect on a visiting bee or butterfly? (Exps. 83, 84.) 244. Morphology of the flower. — We have seen that the venation of petals and sepals corresponds in a general way with that of foliage leaves of the class to which they belong, and that their arrange- ment around their axis is analogous to the arrangement of foliage leaves on the branch. In our study of inflorescence, it was observed that flowers and flower buds occur in the same positions where leaf buds occur, and that they are subject to the same laws of arrangement and growth. We learned, also, in our study of leaves, some- thing about the wonderful modifications that these organs are capable of undergoing; and finally, an examination of a number of different flowers has shown them capable of undergoing modifications to an equal or even greater extent, and examples of the transition of almost any floral organ into another may be observed by one who will take the trouble to look for it. Stamens and petals are found in all stages of transformation, from the slightly flattened filament of the star-of-Bethlehem, or the yellow. Fig. 327. — Staminodia, trans- formed stamens of canna simu- lating petals: pet, petals; st, Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Andrews, Eliza Frances, b. 1840; Lloyd, Francis Ernest
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