. The Street railway journal . aid cables. Thechange to electric traction necessitated the replacing of alarge number of rails, such as the Larson, and 13-cm (5-in.) Phcenix by rails of moremodern design. The standard rail used is of the Phcenixgirder type 160 mm (6| ins.) high, with central web 11 mm( in.) thick. The lip is only 15 mm ( in.) in width,and on new rails lies 3 mm ( in.) below the runningface. The lip was designed narrow, so that wagons pass-ing over the rail would wear all parts of it equally, andthus a step formation would be prevented. The sectio
. The Street railway journal . aid cables. Thechange to electric traction necessitated the replacing of alarge number of rails, such as the Larson, and 13-cm (5-in.) Phcenix by rails of moremodern design. The standard rail used is of the Phcenixgirder type 160 mm (6| ins.) high, with central web 11 mm( in.) thick. The lip is only 15 mm ( in.) in width,and on new rails lies 3 mm ( in.) below the runningface. The lip was designed narrow, so that wagons pass-ing over the rail would wear all parts of it equally, andthus a step formation would be prevented. The sectionfinally adopted was the result of this companys long ex-perience, and was rolled after the design of the royalengineer, Mr. Fischer-Dick. Most of the track is laid inconcrete, and where this was impossible, on a bed of gravel,as shown in Figs. 56 and 7. The rails are nearly all joined simple accumulator system; the lines have the overheadtrolley either on part of or on their entire length, or else COLONNEN STRASSE COLONNENWEG. FIG. 5.—METHOD OF SUPPORTING TROLLEY WIRE WITHOUTPOLES, ON COLONNEN BRIDGE (328 FT. LONG) the mixed system, where the battery furnishes current onlyalong those portions where there is no trolley wire. The accumulator system, which requires neither an ex-pensive roadbed, like the conduit system, nor the over-head construction, is generally believed by the generalpublic, to be the most perfect of all electrical systems, but,in addition to the weight, the acid fumes from the battery July 7, 1900.] STREET RAILWAY JOURNAL. 623 have been found in Berlin to be offensive, in spite of thegreat care exercised in guarding against their escape. Theseparate cells must be completely cleaned out from time totime, and even then the experience in Berlin has been thatthe escape of gas cannot be avoided. Moreover, even in acomparatively new cell, the superoxide deposit whichgathers on the plates causes a local discharge of the cell,thus greatly reducing its efficiency. A
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