. The birds of Siberia; a record of a naturalist's visits to the valleys of the Petchora and Yenesei . DOLGAN AND SAMOYEDE BOOTS tfj. \^^. OSTIAK BOATS CHAPTER XLI. MIGRATION. Climate of the Tundra—Break up of the Ice—Migration of Birds in theSouth of France—Comparison between Island and Continental Migration—Routes of Migration—Grouse—Conservatism of Birds-—Mortality amongstMigrants—Origin of Migration—Glacial Epochs—Emigration of Birds—-Geographical Distribution of Thrushes—Reports on the Migration of Birds. The history of animal and vegetable life on the tundrais a very curious one. For eig
. The birds of Siberia; a record of a naturalist's visits to the valleys of the Petchora and Yenesei . DOLGAN AND SAMOYEDE BOOTS tfj. \^^. OSTIAK BOATS CHAPTER XLI. MIGRATION. Climate of the Tundra—Break up of the Ice—Migration of Birds in theSouth of France—Comparison between Island and Continental Migration—Routes of Migration—Grouse—Conservatism of Birds-—Mortality amongstMigrants—Origin of Migration—Glacial Epochs—Emigration of Birds—-Geographical Distribution of Thrushes—Reports on the Migration of Birds. The history of animal and vegetable life on the tundrais a very curious one. For eight months out of thetwelve every trace of vegetable life is completely hiddenunder a blanket six feet thick of snow, which effectuallycovers every plant and bush—trees there are none tohide. During at least six months of this time animallife is only traceable by the footprints of a reindeer or afox on the snow, or by the occasional appearance of araven or a snowy owl, wandering above the limits of CLIMATE OF THE TUNDRA 415 forest growth, whither it has retired for the winter. Fortwo months in midwinter the
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