. British husbandry; exhibiting the farming practice in various parts of the United Kingdom. Agriculture; cbk. Ch. XXXVII.] DAIRY IMPLEMENTS. 409 The churns are closed vessels, into which the cream, or the whole itiiik, being put, a piston, or a wheel in the form of a fan, is quickly and regu- larly moved, either up and down, or by turning, according to its form, so as to separate the butyraceous, or oily particles of which the butter is com- posed. They are generally made of the best oak, and of various sizes, from ten to fifty, or a hundred gallons, when wrought by the hand, and even to doub
. British husbandry; exhibiting the farming practice in various parts of the United Kingdom. Agriculture; cbk. Ch. XXXVII.] DAIRY IMPLEMENTS. 409 The churns are closed vessels, into which the cream, or the whole itiiik, being put, a piston, or a wheel in the form of a fan, is quickly and regu- larly moved, either up and down, or by turning, according to its form, so as to separate the butyraceous, or oily particles of which the butter is com- posed. They are generally made of the best oak, and of various sizes, from ten to fifty, or a hundred gallons, when wrought by the hand, and even to double that size in those large dairies in which the entire of the milk is churned, and in which it is worked by the aid of a small horse-gin, similar to which moves the threshing-iriill*. That ancient implement called the ])lu?)ge-churnâas described in No, 1, âwhich acts by means of a long handle furnished at the inner end with a circular flat bottom, which is perforated, and worked up and down by the dairymaid, is still the one most commonly in use, as acting more efficiently than any other, though it is so tedious and laborious in its operation that in many large dairies the harrel-churnâas depicted in No. 2,âhas been adopted, in consequence of the superior ease with which it can be worked. The axle by which the wheel-fans are moved passes horizontally through the barrel, and is made to revolve by the action of a toothed wheel at one end, which is worked by another large flj'-wheel turned by the handle fixed on one of its spokes. On this, however, an improvement has been made by working it vertically by means of a small cylinder on the upper part of the outside of the frame, round which a cord is wound which passes through two holes, and are fastened to the lower part of the frame, as a treadle- board,âin the manner delineated at No. 3. The common barrel-churn can be turned by any one ; but this fixed cJmrn is generally worked by a man, who stands with each foot upon
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1840, booksubj, booksubjectagriculture
