A Jain Guru Gives a Sermon, c. 1810, 8 1/8 x 5 3/8 in. ( x cm) (image)10 3/4 x 8 in. ( x cm) (sheet), Opaque watercolor and gold on paper, India, 19th century, A Jain guru seated in a meditative posture on a podium delivers a sermon to an assembly of devotees, who are separated by gender. The guru wears white robes, which identify him as belonging to the Svetambara (white-robe) sect. He wears a protective veil over his mouth, a preventive measure against accidentally inhaling insects and killing any living thing, adhering the Jain philosophy of non-violence.

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Photo credit: © Penta Springs / Alamy / Afripics
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