. Directory to the birds of Eastern North America .. . warble given as the bird perches at a slightelevation. 2. IPSWICH SPAREOW, P. PKINCEPS. Larger than 1,; inner secondaries longer, as long as primaries; paler,about sand-color, with streakings not as well defined. Breedson Sable Island off Nova Scotia; winters south to N. J., cas-ually to Ga. ; south in Oct.; north in April. Frequents thesand dunes of the coast. Common. 1. Bay-winged Sparrows. Poocaetes. Differ from k in being grayer, having white outer tailfeathers, streakings below confined chiefly to breast, andcrown undivided. 1. YE


. Directory to the birds of Eastern North America .. . warble given as the bird perches at a slightelevation. 2. IPSWICH SPAREOW, P. PKINCEPS. Larger than 1,; inner secondaries longer, as long as primaries; paler,about sand-color, with streakings not as well defined. Breedson Sable Island off Nova Scotia; winters south to N. J., cas-ually to Ga. ; south in Oct.; north in April. Frequents thesand dunes of the coast. Common. 1. Bay-winged Sparrows. Poocaetes. Differ from k in being grayer, having white outer tailfeathers, streakings below confined chiefly to breast, andcrown undivided. 1. YESPER SPARROW, P. GRAMiNEUs. ; differsFig. 291. from k, 1 in being much gray- er and in showing the whiteouter tail feat hers in in eastern U. S. fromthe Middle States north tosouthern Canada, winters fromthe Carolinas to Fla., rarely asfar north as Mass; south inOct. ; north in April, Fre-quents open fields and pastureson uplands where there is scanty herbage; runs much onground ; unsuspicious. Song, given at an elevation, two short. CC, F, 1, 1. 1-4. 222 SPAEROWS AND FINCHES. notes followed by a fine clear warble, ending with three de-tached notes. Flight, like ]r 1. m. Prairie Sparrows. Chondestes. Medium-sized, ground-inhabiting, sparrows with longpointed wings, and rather long well rounded tails; no streaksbeneath. 1. LAKK SPARROW, C. gkammacus. ; grayish-brownFig. 292. above heavily streaked with black; crown, chestnut andblack with a median line ofgray; dull w h i t e beneath ;black spot on breast; blackmarkings on sides of head asin fig. 292; tip of tail, broad-ly w^hite. Breeds in north-ern Mississippi Valley, mi-CC, F, m, 1. 1-4. grating southward in winter to Gulf coast; eastward rarely to Atlantic states north toMass. Frequents open fields and cultivated lands, often in thevicinity of houses. Song, rich and clear, consisting of a seriesof liquid notes freely interspersed with trills. n. Black and White Sparrows. Calainospiza. Rather large sparro


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