. A Reference handbook of the medical sciences embracing the entire range of scientific and practical medicine and allied science . ic rcUitive position of the parts, and transferring the re-sults in such a way to paper as to have a reproduction indrawing of the trunk in either a full or a reduced machines are complete and accurate, but they areexpensiveand demand some .skill in manipulation, vvhichis particularly needed in any device using clamps to fixthe patient, the danger being that of displacing the pa-tient from his natural position. Outline Triinngs.—Of this the Pantagrapb i
. A Reference handbook of the medical sciences embracing the entire range of scientific and practical medicine and allied science . ic rcUitive position of the parts, and transferring the re-sults in such a way to paper as to have a reproduction indrawing of the trunk in either a full or a reduced machines are complete and accurate, but they areexpensiveand demand some .skill in manipulation, vvhichis particularly needed in any device using clamps to fixthe patient, the danger being that of displacing the pa-tient from his natural position. Outline Triinngs.—Of this the Pantagrapb is the bestillustration and consists of a device by wliich tlic move-ments of the recording pencil drawn over tlie patient arereproduced on paper. Other forms of the same methodare that of the old-fashioned lead tape, and such tracingmachines as that of Weigel which is used only for rota-tion. These have the advantage of being simjile and in-expensive and of not requiring any special skill in theiruse, but movement on the part of the ])atient when thepencil is drawn over the skin is apt to impair the accu-racy of the Fig. 3170.—Record hy Piiotoffraphy wltb Screen. Photography has certain advantages to recommend it for general use. It gives all the outlines of the figureand the deviation of the spiue which is obtained by othermethods. It enables the record to be taken without theclamping of the patient in position, and it lias the advan-tage of ra])iillty so that the element of muscular fatiguedoes not come in. If a screen is placed behind the pa-tient, tliis can aiso be used for the measurement of such deviations as are inthe lateral plane. Itis necessary, how-ever, to have tlicpatient stand directlyin front of and per-pendicular to thecamera, otherwisethe view- is a combination of the backand side positions. The m c t h o d ofmeiisuremcid is re-stricted to the record-ing of the displace-ment of such bonyprominences as canlie measured, and is,therefore, practicallya
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