. The pruning-book; a monograph of the pruning and training of plants as applied to American conditions. noecious when the stamens and pistils areseparate on the same plant, and dioecious whenthey are on different plants. In both cases, itis necessary that the inquirer should find twokinds of blossom-buds, if he desires to locatethe parts. Fig. 64 is a twig from a filberttaken in winter. The catkins, or flower-clus-ters, are two at eachjoint. With the firstwarmth of spring, the cat-kins elongate and danglein the wind. But theybear only staminate ormale flowers. The pistil-late or fruit-bearing
. The pruning-book; a monograph of the pruning and training of plants as applied to American conditions. noecious when the stamens and pistils areseparate on the same plant, and dioecious whenthey are on different plants. In both cases, itis necessary that the inquirer should find twokinds of blossom-buds, if he desires to locatethe parts. Fig. 64 is a twig from a filberttaken in winter. The catkins, or flower-clus-ters, are two at eachjoint. With the firstwarmth of spring, the cat-kins elongate and danglein the wind. But theybear only staminate ormale flowers. The pistil-late or fruit-bearing flow-ers are hidden in short,rounded buds, and thepistils do not protrude un-til spring. Fig. 65 showsa twig of hazel (filbertsand hazels are very closelyallied) taken in earlyspring, and the styles ofthe pistillate flowers are protruding from G5. Pistii-the two lower buds. Other monoecious ^^^J^^^^^^^ „ ., , of hazel. rruit plants are the walnuts, butter-nut, hickories, and chestnuts, but chestnuts pro-duce their flowers in summer, and the buds fromwhich fruits are to come cannot be so well dis-. 64. Wintei cat-kins of filbert. WINTER-KILLED BUDS 73 tinguislied in winter except by their positionupon the tree. In the walnuts and hickories,the pistillate flowers are co-terminal, but thestaminate flowers arise from lateral winterflower-buds on the last years growth. If the reader has followed the discussions inthis chapter he will have derived a generalknowledge of the external features of fruit-spursand fruit-buds. It now remains for him to ver-ify and expand his knowledge bj^ examining theplants themselves. It will not be profitable todetain him longer here. It will be necessary onlyto answer the question whichhe will be sure to ask,— how J^^ /flj^ to tell when fruit-buds arewinter-killed. It is generallythe embryo flowers which are co. Apricot buds live,killed bv cold, although, in ^ ^^^^*^- i^^^^ . tudinal section, severe winters, the entire budof the mixed fruit-bud typ
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