. A brief history of the United States . lection of Lincoln was the pivot on which the resultturned. The cause ran back through thirty years of controversy to the difference inclimate, in occupation, and in the habit of life and thought. Strange to say, eachsection misunderstood the other. The Southern people believed the North to be soengrossed in money-making and so enfeebled by luxury that it could send to the fieldonly mercenary soldiers, who would easily be beaten by the patriotic said, Cotton is King; and believed that England and France were so depend-ent upon them for
. A brief history of the United States . lection of Lincoln was the pivot on which the resultturned. The cause ran back through thirty years of controversy to the difference inclimate, in occupation, and in the habit of life and thought. Strange to say, eachsection misunderstood the other. The Southern people believed the North to be soengrossed in money-making and so enfeebled by luxury that it could send to the fieldonly mercenary soldiers, who would easily be beaten by the patriotic said, Cotton is King; and believed that England and France were so depend-ent upon them for that staple, that their republic would be recognized and defendedby those European powers. On the other hand, the Northern people did not believethat the South would dare to fight for slavery when it had ,000 slaves exposed tothe chances of war. They thought it to be all bluster, and hence paid little heed tothe threat of secession or of war. Both sides sadly learned their mistake, only toolate. i86i.] BUCHANANS ADMINISTRATION. 199. cession. In February (1861) delegates from these Statesmet at Montgomery, Ala., and formed a government calledthe Confederate States of America. Jefferson Davis,of Mississippi, was chosenPresident, and Alexander , of Georgia, Vice-President. United Statesforts, arsenals, custom-houses, and ships wereseized by the States inwhich they were did nothing toprevent the Scott urged action,but the regular army wassmall, and the troops were jefferson davis. widely scattered. The navy had been sent to distant Cabinet largely sympathized with the secessionists. Nu-merous unsuccessful efforts were made to effect a compromise. It was the general% expectation that thereK would be no war, and the cry, No coer- cion, was general.*Yet affairs steadilydrifted on toward Sumter.—All eyes were nowturned on Fort Sum-ter. Here Major Anderson kept the United States flag flyingin Charleston harbor. He
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