. Elements of railroad track and construction . erent standards a first-class tie on one road corresponded to a second-classon another, and vice versa. The American RailwayEngineering Association, in the 1911 Manual, adoptedthe following proposed tie classification, which is aclass heavier than the 1904 classification: TABLE III. Class. ABCDE 10989 8 77766 8, , or 98, , or 98, , or 98, , or 98, , or 9 Ties in use on steam railroads range in dimensions asfollows: Width of the narrowest of the faces, 7 to 12inches; thickness, 6 to 8 i
. Elements of railroad track and construction . erent standards a first-class tie on one road corresponded to a second-classon another, and vice versa. The American RailwayEngineering Association, in the 1911 Manual, adoptedthe following proposed tie classification, which is aclass heavier than the 1904 classification: TABLE III. Class. ABCDE 10989 8 77766 8, , or 98, , or 98, , or 98, , or 98, , or 9 Ties in use on steam railroads range in dimensions asfollows: Width of the narrowest of the faces, 7 to 12inches; thickness, 6 to 8 inches; and length, 8 to 9feet. The average size of a first-class tie is 9 incheswide, 7 inches deep, and 8J feet long. The ends shouldbe sawed off square. Ties shouldbe laid on their broadest face, as inFig. 7. 40. Inspection of Ties.—For allthe softer kinds of wood it is specifiedthat all sap-wood must be removedexcepting a h mi ted amount on thecorners. The maximum amount of sap-wood allowedon the corners ]s not more than one inch radially. Fig. 8. PERMANENT WAY. 37 across the grain {ac), or IJ inches on the face of thetie (ob), as shown in Fig. 8. Cross-ties must be smoothly hewed or sawed out ofstraight-growing timber. They must be of specifieddimensions, the ends sawed square, and have parallelplane faces; the minimum width of either face mustnot be less than that given in the specifications. Allbark must be removed before the tie is deUvered on thecompanys ground, and they must be free from splits,worm-holes, wind-shakes, loose or decayed knots, orany other imperfections which may impair theirdurabihty. When delivered to the railroad, theymust be piled in a specified manner and place. Themanner of piling the ties must be such that they cannot only be seasoned properly, but they must also beconvenient for inspection. They are inspected for theabove requirements, marked in a substantial manner,and all the ties not up to specifications are eitherrejected entirely or accept
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