. Bulletins of American paleontology. 42 Bulletin 331 Stratigraphic occurrence. — Middle Oligocene: Kishima Saga Pref., locality Arita 1 (PI. 3. fig. 23). Genus POLINICES Montlort. 1810 Type species. —PoUnices albus Montfort. 1810 [? = Nerita mammilla Linnaeus. 1758 ? = Naiica lacteiis Guilding. 1834 (Te.\t-fig. )]. by original desig- nation. ? living in West Indies. Discussion. —Po/iuices is characterized by its stout shell, globose to globose-elongate form, massive um- bilical callus, and by commonly having a shallow trans- verse groove or a dimple at the juncture between pa- rie
. Bulletins of American paleontology. 42 Bulletin 331 Stratigraphic occurrence. — Middle Oligocene: Kishima Saga Pref., locality Arita 1 (PI. 3. fig. 23). Genus POLINICES Montlort. 1810 Type species. —PoUnices albus Montfort. 1810 [? = Nerita mammilla Linnaeus. 1758 ? = Naiica lacteiis Guilding. 1834 (Te.\t-fig. )]. by original desig- nation. ? living in West Indies. Discussion. —Po/iuices is characterized by its stout shell, globose to globose-elongate form, massive um- bilical callus, and by commonly having a shallow trans- verse groove or a dimple at the juncture between pa- rietal callus and umbilical callus (Text-fig. 17 [arrows a, e, i. m]). The status of the type species is unsettled, because: (1) Montfort's (1810) original indication for Polinices albus Montfort. 1810. the type species by original des- ignation, is ver\' poor, and no one has yet identified P. albus with any valid species: (2) it is not clear whether Montfort (1810) considered Nerita mammilla Lin- naeus, 1758 to be synonymous with Polinices albus or to be an another example of Polinices. There seems to be no easy way to judge the status of the type species oi Polinices, but on the assumption that P. albus is synonymous with A', mammilla, the following discussions compiled from previous studies may be helpful. "The original presentation by Linne in 1758 of Ne- rila mammilla covered different though allied species from both the East and West Indies. Of these most authors have chosen the Oriental shell of Rumphius to carry the name. But the Linnean shell should be interpreted as A', lactea Guilding, or a related form, because four out of five citations belong to the West Indian form, which besides is described as from 'Bar- bados" and as 'umbilicata"." (Hedley, 1924, p. 161). "Woodring (1957) places Polinices albus in the syn- onymy of the Caribbean Natica brunnea Link, 1807 (= Albula hepatica Roding, 1798). The species Polin-. Polinices albumen Polinic
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