. A dictionary of arts, manufactures and mines : containing a clear exposition of their principles and practice. re the modes of manufacturing such excellent metal deserveexamination. All the best English cast steel, indeed, is made from the hoop L iron fromDannemora, in Sweden. The processes pursued in the smelting works of the Continent have frequently in viewto obtain from the ore malleable iron directly, in a pure or nearly pure state. The furnacesused for this purpose are of two kinds, called in French, 1. Feuz de Loupes, or ForgesCatalmics ; and 2. Fourneaux ll piece, or Forges Mlemandes
. A dictionary of arts, manufactures and mines : containing a clear exposition of their principles and practice. re the modes of manufacturing such excellent metal deserveexamination. All the best English cast steel, indeed, is made from the hoop L iron fromDannemora, in Sweden. The processes pursued in the smelting works of the Continent have frequently in viewto obtain from the ore malleable iron directly, in a pure or nearly pure state. The furnacesused for this purpose are of two kinds, called in French, 1. Feuz de Loupes, or ForgesCatalmics ; and 2. Fourneaux ll piece, or Forges Mlemandes. In the Catalan, or French method, the ore previously roasted in a kiln is afterwardsstrongly torrefied in the forge before the smelting begins ; operations which follow inimmediate succession. Ores treated in this way should be very fusible and very rich;such as black oxyde of iron, hematites, and certain spathose iron ores. From 100parts of ore, 50 of metallic iron have been procured, but the average product is furnaces employed aie rectangular hearths, jigs, 599, and 600, the water-blowing599 COO. machine being employed to give the blast. See Metallurgy. There are threevarieties of this forge ; the Catalan, the Navarrese, and the Biscayan. The dimensionscf the first, the one most senerally employed, are as follows : 21 inches long, in thedirection p f,fig. 600; 18^ broad, at the bottom of the hearth or creuset,^ the lineA B; and 17 inches deep,yig. 599. The tuyere, q p, is placed 9J inches above the bottom,so that its axis is directed towards the opposite side, about 2 inches above the it must be moveable, as its inclination needs to be changed, according to the stageof the operation, or the quantity of the ores. It is often raised or lowered with pelletsof clay; and even with a graduated circle, for the workmen make a great mystery ^fthis matter. The hearth is lined with a layer of brusque (loam and charcoal dustworked together), and the ore after being r
Size: 2719px × 919px
Photo credit: © The Reading Room / Alamy / Afripics
License: Licensed
Model Released: No
Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1840, booksubje, booksubjecttechnology
