Greenhouses, their construction and equipment . water; is pumped for anyconsiderable distance, on account of the fric-tion of the pipes. The frictional loss in feetof lift for each 100 feet of pipe of varioussizes is shown in the following table. allons Size of Pipe ;r min. 34 in. 1 in. IK in. l^^in. 2 in. 2V2 in Frictional Loss 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 2>:i 23^ GREENHOUSES This loss by friction cann
Greenhouses, their construction and equipment . water; is pumped for anyconsiderable distance, on account of the fric-tion of the pipes. The frictional loss in feetof lift for each 100 feet of pipe of varioussizes is shown in the following table. allons Size of Pipe ;r min. 34 in. 1 in. IK in. l^^in. 2 in. 2V2 in Frictional Loss 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 2>:i 23^ GREENHOUSES This loss by friction cannot be , for example, it is desired to deliver20 gallons per minute at a distance of 100feet. By referring to the above table it willbe seen that if a ^4-inch pipe were used, aloss equal to a head of 115 feet would besustained, while if a i%-inch pipe were useda loss of only feet would be is economy to use pipe of generous size. Hydraulic Rams.—The hydraulic ram isa device which utilizes the force of Fig. 122.—A simple type of hydraulic ram. a, intakepipe; f, delivery pipe IRRIGATION 233 falling a short distance, to elevate a portionof the water to a greater height. It iswasteful of water, but when a never-failingstream of sufficient flow and fall is avail-able it is one of the most economical andsatisfactory of water-lifting machines. Rams are somewhat difficult to install bya novice, because of the rather exacting con- Fig-. 123.—Plan for installing a hydraulic ram ditions necessary to secure the most efficientservice. When they are properly installed,however, they give little trouble, providedthey are kept from freezing. Capacity of Rams.—To find the capacityof a ram for any given conditions proceed asfollows: Multiply the fall in feet by the quan-tity of water which may be supplied to theram in gallons per minute, and divide theproduct by the height the water is to beraised. The result will be the number ofgallons delivered
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