. Electric railway journal . sed on peak-load conditions and enablesall six substations to carry their proper portions of theload during the peak. As the load drops off, the stationsoperating at the lower voltages are the first to shutdown. In order to prevent the two peak-load stationsfrom coming on and off unnecessarily, the switches in ing to the actual field locations. The results of themeasurements are graphically shown on Plate 2. The average values of the over-all voltages arepractically all under 10 volts. Some unusually highvalues were observed for short periods, but these con-ditions
. Electric railway journal . sed on peak-load conditions and enablesall six substations to carry their proper portions of theload during the peak. As the load drops off, the stationsoperating at the lower voltages are the first to shutdown. In order to prevent the two peak-load stationsfrom coming on and off unnecessarily, the switches in ing to the actual field locations. The results of themeasurements are graphically shown on Plate 2. The average values of the over-all voltages arepractically all under 10 volts. Some unusually highvalues were observed for short periods, but these con-ditions were admittedly due to poor bonding. A highgradient was observed on University Avenue, betweenThirty-fourth Street and Forty-sixth Street, where thenegative feeder from the Polk Boulevard substationconnects with the track. This was undoubtedly causedby bad track conditions. The highest gradient observed in the city was thaton the Fort Des Moines line between the substationand the Raccoon River, a distance of about 3,000 Track gradients and overallpotentials 0 Subsiafions • Test stations NQ,gativc feeders, 500,000 cm. Quantities shown are average potentialolrops and voits per tiiousand ft Obtained witli peak-load substations operating I].ATE 2—RESULTS OF SURVEY OF TRACK POTENTIALS AND GRADIENTS the high-voltage lines which supply them are closedonly after the traffic becomes sufficiently great to enablethe stations to stay in under the fluctuating load. Theload curves of the several stations are shown on page808, Figs. 2 to 7, and the total system load in Fig. were determined for a typical day from measure-ments made on the high-voltage lines, with correctionsfor transmission and conversion losses. They are onlyapproximately correct. In the tests, track gradient and over-all potentialmeasurements were made by the aid of about fiftypilot wires loaned by the Iowa Telephone wires were connected to the tracks at the pointsindicated in Plate 2. They te
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