Elements of plane and solid free-hand geometrical drawing, with lettering; and some elements of geometrical ornamental design, including the principals of harmonic angular ratios, etcIn three parts ..for draughtsmen and artisans; and teachers and students of industrial and mechanical drawing . icient, to enable one to recognize the letters. Thefirst half of the first and third lines, and the second and fourthexamples on the second line of PI. YIL, are letters formed ofessential elements only. The com^plementary additions are the caps, and the hangingparts of the arms, etc. The letters of the f
Elements of plane and solid free-hand geometrical drawing, with lettering; and some elements of geometrical ornamental design, including the principals of harmonic angular ratios, etcIn three parts ..for draughtsmen and artisans; and teachers and students of industrial and mechanical drawing . icient, to enable one to recognize the letters. Thefirst half of the first and third lines, and the second and fourthexamples on the second line of PI. YIL, are letters formed ofessential elements only. The com^plementary additions are the caps, and the hangingparts of the arms, etc. The letters of the first five, and theseventh, lines of PI. YII. are, with the exception of those justmentioned, letters having these additions. By the decorations are meant the ornamental shading andfilling up of the letters. Thus letters may be represented as ifmade of wood, stone, or iron; and of pieces having square orpolygonal sections. They may appear as if seen obliquely, oras draped, vine-clad, or casting shadows. In spacing letters^ it is a good rule to allow equal areas ofblank paper between them. LETTEBING. 53 Summing up; the preceding, and other particulars concern-ing letters, are systematically presented in the following table:— \i^ > ai fn & n^ ^ U «•,=! ^ S (D ,£2 o O PhO Pi a. O _ C5 ^ S *t3 03 r^s .2 « S -»3 O 5H aHY suaxxai 54 FREE-HAND GEOMETRICAL DRAWING. It follows from this, that there cannot be very man} radi-cally different forms of letters; therefore, instead of makinga further subdivision of geometrical letters, some of the waysmay be mentioned in which varieties of letters are producedby modifications of the elements just given, 1°. By altering the proportions of height and width, formingexpanded or condensed letters. 2^. By retaining or omitting the complementary additions. 3°. By making the wide columns of the letter massive orslender. 4°. By making the letters as if they were flat plates, or as ifthey w^ere solid, or block letters. 5°. By represent
Size: 1125px × 2221px
Photo credit: © The Reading Room / Alamy / Afripics
License: Licensed
Model Released: No
Keywords: ., bo, bookcentury1800, bookdecade1870, booksubjectmechanicaldrawing
