The sea west of Spitsbergen; the oceanographic observations of the Isachsen Spitsbergen Expedition in 1910 . p Norwegian fjords;1 forthere is no deep layer of homogeneous water below any certain level, andthe density is continually increasing with the depth. At 400 metres, nearthe bottom, there is a maximum of temperature ( ° C.) as also oi sa-linity ( ° 00). This water has obviously come from the current run-ning northwards along the coast outside the fjord. At Stats. 30 and 31outside its entrance, water with similar temperatures and salinities occursat 200, 220 and 240 metres (PI. V
The sea west of Spitsbergen; the oceanographic observations of the Isachsen Spitsbergen Expedition in 1910 . p Norwegian fjords;1 forthere is no deep layer of homogeneous water below any certain level, andthe density is continually increasing with the depth. At 400 metres, nearthe bottom, there is a maximum of temperature ( ° C.) as also oi sa-linity ( ° 00). This water has obviously come from the current run-ning northwards along the coast outside the fjord. At Stats. 30 and 31outside its entrance, water with similar temperatures and salinities occursat 200, 220 and 240 metres (PI. VI, Sect. IV a). At Stat. 31 the tempe-rature was ° C. and the salinity at 220 metres on Sep-tember 6th, 1910. This is practically the same; and at Stats. 31 and 1 The Ice Fjord bears in its configuration more resemblance to the Finmarken fjordsand the Iceland fjords than to the typical Norwegian fjords, which are comparalively narrower with deeper troughs and higher sills, (cf. Nansen 1904, p. 70] igi2. No. 12. THE SEA WEST OF SPITSBERGEN. 00 Fig. 41. The Ice Fjord. Warden skioldOlaeier. 30, at 240 and 200 metres, the temperatures were ° and ° C. andthe salinities and 00 on July 23rd and 22nd, 1910. At and 14, near the coast to the south, the temperatures and salinities at150 metres were somewhat lower ( ° C. and C, and 3493 °/oo);and at 190 and 200 metres they were still lower. But the temperaturesand the salinities were on the whole lower at these stations than at and 31 to the north, probably because the influence of the cold Spits-bergen Polar Current was more appreciable in the south. To judgefrom the series of observations at Stat. 41, the sill, if there is one, cannotbe very high, hardly higher than 300 or perhaps 250 metres; for other-wise the temperatures and salinities of the deep strata in our serieswould have been more uniform. The observations at Stat. 41 (of Sept. 6, 1910) at the mouth of the Ice-
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