. The book of wheat : an economic history and practical manual of the wheat industry. thesecrops may be plowed under deeply. While no varieties ofwheat are absolutely **fly proof, some tiller more and areless injured than others, such as Underbill, Mediterranean,Red Cap, Red May and Clawson. Preventive measures reducethe annual loss from the Hessian fly by an amount estimated 174 THE BOOK OF WHEAT from $100,000,000 to $200,000,000 for the wheat crop insect shifts so rapidly from place to place that remediesare practically of no avail unless there is concerted action inan infected reg
. The book of wheat : an economic history and practical manual of the wheat industry. thesecrops may be plowed under deeply. While no varieties ofwheat are absolutely **fly proof, some tiller more and areless injured than others, such as Underbill, Mediterranean,Red Cap, Red May and Clawson. Preventive measures reducethe annual loss from the Hessian fly by an amount estimated 174 THE BOOK OF WHEAT from $100,000,000 to $200,000,000 for the wheat crop insect shifts so rapidly from place to place that remediesare practically of no avail unless there is concerted action inan infected region/ Chinch Bug {Blissus leucopterus Say).—This is a nativeinsect. Its ravages were first noticed toward the close of theeighteenth century, and since that time notable outbreaks andserious losses have been quite constant. It is now found fromNova Scotia and Manitoba southward to the Gulf of Mexico,as well as on the Pacific coast, in Mexico and Central America,and on several of the West Indian Islands. The genus Blissusis widely distributed over the Old World. It is a gregarious. CHINCH bug: various stages from egg to adult enlarged pest, and its destiuetiveness is due to this fact rather than toits enormous numbers. Life History.—Hibernating in grass stools, straw, rubbishor other shelters, the chinch bug begins its life cycle by aspring flight to the wheat fields. The mating occurs at thewheat roots. The eggs are deposited about May 1st, from 100to 500 by each female, and the egg period is of 2 or 3 weeksduration. The young hatch in about 2 weeks, and at maturityin July they make a second flight to late corn, millet or othercrops. In this country, except in northern regions, a secondbrood appears after this flight. The second brood is most in-jurious in August and matures in September and October. Itis the first brood that injures wheat, while both broods attackother ciops. A short-winged form incapable of flight fre-quently occurs, especially in maritime distiicts. There
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