. North Dakota history and people; outlines of American history. through the valley,By the rushes in the spring-time,Bj the alders in the the white fog in the autumn,By the black line in the winter,And beside them dwelt the singer. ■—Henry IV. Longfellow. Toussaint Charbonneaus Indian wife sang merrily as a bird, and was knownas the Bird-Woman. By birth a Shoshone of Wyoming, and daughter of achief, she was captured at eleven years of age from the Snake Tribe of Shoshonesby the Missouri River Indians, in one of their battles with her tribe, and hadbeen sold to Charbonneau, who lived


. North Dakota history and people; outlines of American history. through the valley,By the rushes in the spring-time,Bj the alders in the the white fog in the autumn,By the black line in the winter,And beside them dwelt the singer. ■—Henry IV. Longfellow. Toussaint Charbonneaus Indian wife sang merrily as a bird, and was knownas the Bird-Woman. By birth a Shoshone of Wyoming, and daughter of achief, she was captured at eleven years of age from the Snake Tribe of Shoshonesby the Missouri River Indians, in one of their battles with her tribe, and hadbeen sold to Charbonneau, who lived with the Gros Ventres at the Mandanvillages. She was reared by the Gnjs \entres, wearing their costume, and itwas they who named her Tsa-ka-ka-wea-sh. which in the Indian languagemeans, according to Prof. Orrin Grant Libby, of the North Dakota HistoricalSociety, Bird-Woman. As written in Gros Ventres, Tsa-ka-wa signifies bird,wea, woman; sh, the. It was said she was uncommonly comely. Before being taken from her native tribe, she had traveled over much of. VIRGINIA GRANT Granddaughter of Sakaka-wea. Photo liy A. P. Porter ofLander, Wyoming, for theEarly History of North Dakota.


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