A treatise on zoology . Fig. hengcilcnsl>^, MCl., ami upper teetli. (After Day, Fishes of India.) Series 4. Sub-Order 4. GASTEROSTEIFORMES (Catosteomi, Hemibranchii,Lophobranchii). This sub-order is an assemblage of fish for the most part highlyspecialised, Avhich were first brought together by A. S. Fhite-mouths (Fistulariidae) and Sticklelmcks (Gasterosteidae),which Cope had already united in the group Hemibranchii, and the pmx ,. or q aso pop top. Fig. 400. Skull and pectoral girdle of Oasterosicus spinachia. an, angular ; ar, articular ; ((..>.o, anterior


A treatise on zoology . Fig. hengcilcnsl>^, MCl., ami upper teetli. (After Day, Fishes of India.) Series 4. Sub-Order 4. GASTEROSTEIFORMES (Catosteomi, Hemibranchii,Lophobranchii). This sub-order is an assemblage of fish for the most part highlyspecialised, Avhich were first brought together by A. S. Fhite-mouths (Fistulariidae) and Sticklelmcks (Gasterosteidae),which Cope had already united in the group Hemibranchii, and the pmx ,. or q aso pop top. Fig. 400. Skull and pectoral girdle of Oasterosicus spinachia. an, angular ; ar, articular ; ((..>.o, anteriorsuborbital; br, branchiostegal; cl, cleitlirum ; en, coracoid ; d, dentary ; , dernial coracoidI)late ; , dorsal tin spine ; , dorsal dermal plate ; fr, frontal ; , lateial dermal plate ;mx, maxilla; 71, nasal; 710, nostril; op, opercular; jw, parietal; pmr, premaxilla ; ;)0)i, pre-opercular; j)r/, prefrontal i ps<, post-temporal;;)!/, postfrontal ; jrfn. pterotic ; y, quadrate;r, radial of pectoral fin ; sc, scapula ; , scapular foramen ; so, suborbital; soi; supraoccipital ;sop, subopercular ; st, supratemporal. Pipe-Fishes (LoiDhobranchii of Ciivier), have been shown to 1)8related (A. S. Woodward [505], Swinnerton [], Starks [419],Gill [164]). The snout becomes greatly produced by the elongation of theregion between the orbit and the mouth ; the nostrils remain near GASTEROSTEIFORMES 411 the e3^e, and the mouth becomes terminal


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