. The Canadian field-naturalist. Natural history; Sciences naturelles. The Canadian Field-Naturalist Vol. 121 Lewis. Lewis and Clark then descended to St. Louis (2: 64; 3: 6; 4: 6; 5: 6, 110, 176; 6: 6, 80; 7: 6; 8: 8-9, 49, 84). Results Lewis and Clark's observations show an inverse rela- tionship between wildlife and native people (Figure 1). Wildlife was abundant only where native people were absent, and if it had not been for the presence of abo- riginal buffer zones between tribes at war (Hickerson 1965; Steffian 1991; Martin and Szuter 1999a, 1999b, 2002, 2004; Farr 2001; Laliberte and R
. The Canadian field-naturalist. Natural history; Sciences naturelles. The Canadian Field-Naturalist Vol. 121 Lewis. Lewis and Clark then descended to St. Louis (2: 64; 3: 6; 4: 6; 5: 6, 110, 176; 6: 6, 80; 7: 6; 8: 8-9, 49, 84). Results Lewis and Clark's observations show an inverse rela- tionship between wildlife and native people (Figure 1). Wildlife was abundant only where native people were absent, and if it had not been for the presence of abo- riginal buffer zones between tribes at war (Hickerson 1965; Steffian 1991; Martin and Szuter 1999a, 1999b, 2002, 2004; Farr 2001; Laliberte and Ripple 2003), there would have been little wildlife anywhere in the West. Yankton Sioux buffer zone As Lewis and Clark ascended the Missouri River, they met the Omahas and Ottes on day 97 and the Yankton Sioux on day 108 (Figure 2). These two groups were at war (2: 488), and wildlife was abundant only in the buffer zone between the tribes. Bison, in particu- lar, were found only in the center of the buffer zone. Sioux-Mandan buffer zone Lewis and Clark met the Teton Sioux on day 135, the Arikaras on day 148, and the Mandan-Hidatsa on day 164. Wildlife was not abundant in the area between the Teton Sioux and the Arikaras, but was abundant between the Arikaras and the Mandan-Hidatsa (Figure 3). This was because the Teton Sioux and Arikaras were allied against the Mandan-Hidatsa (3: 156, 161, 195- 196, 207, 226, 233-234, 243-244, 251, 272-273, 295- 297, 304-305; Porsche and Loendorf 1987; Bouchet- Bert 1999). That is, peace had a negative impact on wildlife populations while war had a beneficial effect, similar to conditions Hickerson (1965) reported in the upper Mississippi Valley (Farr 2001). Missouri-Yellowstone buffer zone In 1804-1806 all of Montana between the Missouri and Yellowstone Rivers was a six-sided buffer zone between warring tribes (4: 21-22, 67, 108-109, 159- 160, 216, 222, 354, 379, 401, 426, 437; 5: 8-9, 45, 68- 71, 77-80, 85, 87-91, 96-97, 102-106, 123-124, 178,
Size: 1938px × 1289px
Photo credit: © Book Worm / Alamy / Afripics
License: Licensed
Model Released: No
Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, books, booksubjectnaturalhistory
