. Swine practice . Swine. 328 SWINE PRACTICE strated to protect against natural infection in other animals and probably would be equally valuable in swine. This disease can be prevented by sterilization of instruments, the proper after-care of immunized swine and swine that have been oper- ated upon. Anthrax (Charbon) Anthrax is a specific infective disease caused by the B. anthracis and characterized by changes in the blood, spleen and lymph-glands. This disease prevails in some sections of the country, but occurs more frequently in mules, horses, cattle and sheep than in swine. Many cases ha
. Swine practice . Swine. 328 SWINE PRACTICE strated to protect against natural infection in other animals and probably would be equally valuable in swine. This disease can be prevented by sterilization of instruments, the proper after-care of immunized swine and swine that have been oper- ated upon. Anthrax (Charbon) Anthrax is a specific infective disease caused by the B. anthracis and characterized by changes in the blood, spleen and lymph-glands. This disease prevails in some sections of the country, but occurs more frequently in mules, horses, cattle and sheep than in swine. Many cases have been reported in swine from different localities, but fortunately the outbreaks have been confined to a few animals, or at least to one farm. Porcine anthrax usually occurs in swine that have been fed the carcass of an animal dead of anthrax. Etiology.—The specific cause of anthrax is the B. anthracis. The B. anthracis is a rod-shaped non-motile bacterium averaging about 4 microns in length and 1 to II/4 mic- ron in diameter. This bacterium is characterized by relatively square or concave ends when obtained from lesions. They stain readily with ordinary aniline dyes. Oval spores form in the center of the rods. Spores of the B. anthracis are very resistant to external influences, to chemical dis- infectants, and to the usual means of sterilization. The B. anthracis is areobic and grows readily on any ordinary cul- ture medium at body temperature. Long threads of filaments are common in cultures of B. anthracis. Source of infection.—The most common and usual source of infec- tion from B. anthracis in swine is f^om the discharges and carcasses of animals dead of anthrax. More rarely infection may be obtained from contaminated water, feed or soil. Channel of Entrance.—The usual channel of entrance of the B. anthracis in swine is the digestive tract in feed or water. Lesions.—Anthrax in swine is usually localized in the beginning, although it frequently becomes generalize
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1920, booksubjectswine, bookyear1921
