. History of lace . ance of a water-lily leaf, the emblem of the Stures,leading one to believe they may have been of Swedish fabric,for many ladies of that illustrious house sought shelterfrom troublous times within the walls of the lace-makingconvent of Wadstena. In the same cabinet is displayed, with others of more ordi-nary texture, a collar of raised Spanish guipure, worked bythe Princesses Catherine and Marie, daughters of Duke JohanAdolf (brother of Charles X.). Though a creditable perform-ance, yet it is far inferior to the lace of convent*make. Themaking of this Spanish point formed a
. History of lace . ance of a water-lily leaf, the emblem of the Stures,leading one to believe they may have been of Swedish fabric,for many ladies of that illustrious house sought shelterfrom troublous times within the walls of the lace-makingconvent of Wadstena. In the same cabinet is displayed, with others of more ordi-nary texture, a collar of raised Spanish guipure, worked bythe Princesses Catherine and Marie, daughters of Duke JohanAdolf (brother of Charles X.). Though a creditable perform-ance, yet it is far inferior to the lace of convent*make. Themaking of this Spanish point formed a favourite amusement ofthe Swedish ladies of the seventeenth century : bed-hangings,coverlets, and toilets of their handiwork may still be foundin the remote castles of the provinces. We have receivedthe photograph of a flower from an old bed of Swedish lace—an heirloom in a Smaland castle of Count Trolle Bonde. 22 For this information, with a collection of specimens, tlie autlior has tothank Madame Petre of p To face page 282. RUSSIA 283 RUSSIA. After his visit to Paris early in the eighteenth the Great founded a manufacture of silk lace atNovgorod, which in the time of the Empress Elizabeth fellinto decay. In the reign of Catherine II. there were twelvegold lace-makers at St. Petersburg, who were scarcelyable to supply the demand. In Kussia lace-making andem])roidery go hand in hand, as in our early examples ofembroidery, drawn-work, and cut-work combined. Lace-making was not a distinct industry ; the peasants, especiallyin Eastern Russia, made it in their houses to decorate, inconjunction with embroidery, towels, table-linen, shirts, andeven the household linen, for which purpose it was pur-chased direct from the peasants 1)y the inhabitants ofthe towns. Many will have seen the Russian towels in theInternational Exhibition of 1874, and have admired their(juaint design and bright colours, with the curious line ofred and blue thread running through the p
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