A history of the growth of the steam-engine . tates, about 1785. In portable, locomotive,and marine steam-boilers, the fire must be built within theboiler itself, instead of (as in the above described stationaryboilers) in a furnace of brickwork exterior to the fiame and gases from the furnace or fire-box in thesekinds of boiler are never led through brick passages enroute to the chimney, as often in the preceding case, butare invariably conducted through flues or tubes, or both, tothe smoke-stack. These boilers are also sometimes used asstationary boilers. Fig. 108 represents such
A history of the growth of the steam-engine . tates, about 1785. In portable, locomotive,and marine steam-boilers, the fire must be built within theboiler itself, instead of (as in the above described stationaryboilers) in a furnace of brickwork exterior to the fiame and gases from the furnace or fire-box in thesekinds of boiler are never led through brick passages enroute to the chimney, as often in the preceding case, butare invariably conducted through flues or tubes, or both, tothe smoke-stack. These boilers are also sometimes used asstationary boilers. Fig. 108 represents such a steam-boilerin section, as it is usually exhibited in working is made to secure a good circulation of water inthese boilers by means of the baffle-plates, seen in thesketch, which compel the water to flow as indicated by the STATIONARY ENGINES. 341 arrows. The tubes are frequently made of brass or of cop-per, to secure rapid transmission of heat to the water, andthus to permit the use of a smaller area of heating-surface. Fig. 108.—Baboock & Wilcoxs Vertical Boiler. and a smaller boiler. The steam-space is made as large aspossible, to secure immunity from priming or the en-trainment of water with the steam. This type of steam-boiler, invented by Nathan Read, of Salem, Mass., in 1791,and patented in April of that year, was the earliest of thetubular boilers. In the locomotive boiler (Fig. 109), as inthe preceding, the characteristics are a fire-box at one endof the shell and a set of tubes through which the gases pass 342 THE STEAM-ENGINE OF TO-DAY. directly to the smoke-stack. Strength, compactness, greatsteaming capacity, fair economy, moderate cost, and con-venience of combination with the running parts, are securedby the adoption of this form. It is frequently used alsofor portable and stationary engines. It was invented inFrance by M. S6guin, and in England by Booth, and usedby George Stephenson at about the same time—1828 or1829. Since the efficien
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1800, bookdecade1870, bookidc, booksubjectsteamengines
