. Engraving and etching : a handbook for the use of students and print collectors . rlem 1580, died 1630) kept closer in style to the northernrealists and the technique of the older German School. PETER PAUL RUBEXS 157 The landscape painter, Paulus Bril (born at Antwerp1554, died at Rome 1626), showed in his work a happyunion of Italian elements with originality of conceptionand a simple, effective style. Roeland Savery (born atCourtrai 1576, died at Utrecht 1639) might almost countas a pupil of theolder Germanetchers ; so toomight DavidVincboons(bornat Mechlin 1578,died at Amster-dam 1629), w
. Engraving and etching : a handbook for the use of students and print collectors . rlem 1580, died 1630) kept closer in style to the northernrealists and the technique of the older German School. PETER PAUL RUBEXS 157 The landscape painter, Paulus Bril (born at Antwerp1554, died at Rome 1626), showed in his work a happyunion of Italian elements with originality of conceptionand a simple, effective style. Roeland Savery (born atCourtrai 1576, died at Utrecht 1639) might almost countas a pupil of theolder Germanetchers ; so toomight DavidVincboons(bornat Mechlin 1578,died at Amster-dam 1629), withhis few rough,but vigorouslydrawn plates. By the schoolof engravers,who formed thegroup of whichRubens was thecentre, etchingwas certainlypractised, butit never attainedthesameamountof use or im-portance as did line-engraving. Whether Peter Paul Rubens (born atSiegen 1577, died at Antwerp 1640) actually used theetching-needle cannot be ascertained with certainty, buthe is always considered to be the author of three most free and spirited of these is a St. Catharine. Fig. 72. Anthonj Van Dyck : Portrait ofPh. Le Roy. 158 ENGRAVING IN THE LOW COUNTRIES upon Clouds, quite in the manner of Rubens fully de-veloped style. In the state in which the plate is knownto us it has without doubt been worked over by aprofessional engraver, perhaps Vorsterman. This is stillmore the case with The Old Woman with the Candle/while the bust of Seneca (a unique proof is in the BritishMuseum) shows in its state of pure etching a use of linethat approaches very nearly to Rubens manner of draw-ing, Anthony Van Dyck (born at Antwerp 1599^died in London 1641) is of no small importance as anetcher. During the years of his continuous stay at Ant-werp, 1628—1635, he produced a series of original plates,which show that he never obtained complete masteryover the technique of etching, but which, in view oftheir power of expression and fineness of conception,stand at the summit of his art. Of th
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