. California range brushlands and browse plants. Browse (Animal food); Brush; Forage plants. the woodland-grass and grass associations where preci- pitation is higher than on the thin, infertile soils where the chaparral is climax'27, l28>. There are many gradations between these two situations, as would be expected. The grazing capacity of the chaparral is much influ- enced by the density of the brush and its palatability. Fully developed brush stands, with nearly a complete canopy, have little or no understory of herbaceous plants and provide little forage, whereas the open stands sup- po
. California range brushlands and browse plants. Browse (Animal food); Brush; Forage plants. the woodland-grass and grass associations where preci- pitation is higher than on the thin, infertile soils where the chaparral is climax'27, l28>. There are many gradations between these two situations, as would be expected. The grazing capacity of the chaparral is much influ- enced by the density of the brush and its palatability. Fully developed brush stands, with nearly a complete canopy, have little or no understory of herbaceous plants and provide little forage, whereas the open stands sup- port a considerable ground cover of grasses and forbs that produce good forage. Generally, however, the chap- arral supplies only a small part of the State's forage re- source. Its chief usefulness is for watershed and as deer range. Part I. Biological and Management Considerations TlMBERLAND CHAPARRAL This community received its name because it occurs in the climatic zone suitable for growing timber. How- ever, substantial areas of it are found on soils too shallow for anything but shrubby growth, and here the chaparral is a stable cover. On the deeper soils it is a secondary suc- cession on disturbed timber areas. Timberland chaparral occurs between about 4,000 and 9,000 feet in elevation, from the lower extremities of the ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) forest to the subalpine forests. The topogra- phy varies from gentle to steep and the soil from very shallow to deep. In virgin stands of timber the chaparral is rather sparse but after logging or a hot fire the brush usually becomes so dense that it excludes most other vegetation for many years. Characteristic timberland chaparral species are ceano- thus, including the highly palatable deerbrush ceanothus (Ceanothus integerrimus)'3*' "', mountain whitethorn (C. cordulatus), snowbrush ceanothus (C. velutinns), manza- nitas (Arctostaphijlos spp.), western service berry (Ame- lanchier alnifolia), Siena mountain misery (Cham
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