. Cassell's popular gardening. Gardening. THE HARDY FRUIT GARDEN. 93 there is no means equal to keepingthem in form like an annual crop. Some Pears, such as Marie Louise, Winter Nelis, and others, lend themselves much more readily to this mode of training than others. There are no sights within the whole range of pomology more satisfying than a row of such shaped trees in fuU bearing. Two common laws of proportion which may he accepted as canons of beauty among pyramidal Pears, are that the height shall equal the circumfer- ence of the base, and that a section of the side should taper regularl
. Cassell's popular gardening. Gardening. THE HARDY FRUIT GARDEN. 93 there is no means equal to keepingthem in form like an annual crop. Some Pears, such as Marie Louise, Winter Nelis, and others, lend themselves much more readily to this mode of training than others. There are no sights within the whole range of pomology more satisfying than a row of such shaped trees in fuU bearing. Two common laws of proportion which may he accepted as canons of beauty among pyramidal Pears, are that the height shall equal the circumfer- ence of the base, and that a section of the side should taper regularly from the base to a point at top. But after aU, perfection of form in Pears is of far less mo- ment than perpetuity of fertility, and the best means of maintaining the latter must now be briefly ad- verted to. How to Keep tlie Side-shoots of Pyra- mids in Full Bearing. —^What is here added to our pruning and training of Apples will, it is hoped, prove sufficient to produce and maintain perfect pyra- midal and other shaped Pear - trees in perpetual fertility. But living trees in general, and Pears in particular, in the garden, differ widely from Pear- trees on paper, in this, that they are always striv- ing to get out of shape ; to avoid fertility, or sink under the restrictions and burdens we impose on them. For example, we vpish the diameter of the base to exceed that of any other part of the pyramid, and its vigour to increase rather than diminish. The vital force and natural habit of the tree will it other- wise, and hence various means are used to sustain the strength of the bases of Pear-trees, and suppress the vigour of their tops. Among these the simplest is to elevate the base branches, relieve the bottom of the tree of a considerable proportion of its fruit, and suppress the top by vigorous summer pinching, tying down the branches, and heavy loads of fruit. All overcrowding must also be prevented among the side branches, the most vigorous and highest-placed shoots b
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