. Rome : its rise and fall ; a text-book for high schools and colleges. ur springs and the beauty of its sur-roundings, became crowded withthe pleasure-seekers of the bathing-towns, as was almostinevitable, acquired an unenviablereputation as hotbeds of vice andshameless indulgence. The Roman thermae, after suffer-ing repeated spoliation at the handsof successive robbers, have, for themost part, sunk into heaps of rub-bish. Many of their beautiful marbleswere carried off by different Greek emperors to Constan-tinople. Charlemagne decorated his palace at Aix-la-Chapelle with colum
. Rome : its rise and fall ; a text-book for high schools and colleges. ur springs and the beauty of its sur-roundings, became crowded withthe pleasure-seekers of the bathing-towns, as was almostinevitable, acquired an unenviablereputation as hotbeds of vice andshameless indulgence. The Roman thermae, after suffer-ing repeated spoliation at the handsof successive robbers, have, for themost part, sunk into heaps of rub-bish. Many of their beautiful marbleswere carried off by different Greek emperors to Constan-tinople. Charlemagne decorated his palace at Aix-la-Chapelle with columns torn from these imperial structures,which were then falling into dilapidation. The popesbuilt others into St. Peters Cathedral; and the masons ofRome, like the brick-hunters of Babylon and Nineveh, forcenturies mined amidst the vast heaps of the ruinedstructures for marble blocks and statues to be burnedinto lime for making cement. ^Modern excavators haverecovered from the mounds of rubbish some of the mostfamous of the sculptures that enrich the museums Bathing Chair. (Louvre.) ARCHITECTURE. 471 295. Palaces and Villas. — The residences of the wealthyRomans when built within the city walls were called man-sions or palaces, but when located in the country wereusually designated as villas. The Palatine was the aristo-cratic quarter of Rome, being occupied by the homes ofthe wealthy class. After the Great Fire, Nero erected here
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