. Compendium of meteorology. Meteorology. METEOROLOGICAL ANALYSIS IN MIDDLE LATITUDES 719 in more complicated synoptic situations and at high tropospheric le\els is not so easy. What Riehl and La- Seiir did, essentially, was to determine an appropriate lapse rate between 700 and 300 mb for each typical synoptic flow pattern. Then using the 700-mb chart as a guide and the proper, calculated, lapse rates, Riehl and LaSeiu' were enabled to obtain reasonable estimations of upper-atmospheric pressures up to 300 mb. One decided advantage of their technique is that the lapse rates, being statisticall
. Compendium of meteorology. Meteorology. METEOROLOGICAL ANALYSIS IN MIDDLE LATITUDES 719 in more complicated synoptic situations and at high tropospheric le\els is not so easy. What Riehl and La- Seiir did, essentially, was to determine an appropriate lapse rate between 700 and 300 mb for each typical synoptic flow pattern. Then using the 700-mb chart as a guide and the proper, calculated, lapse rates, Riehl and LaSeiu' were enabled to obtain reasonable estimations of upper-atmospheric pressures up to 300 mb. One decided advantage of their technique is that the lapse rates, being statistically determined, are obtained inde- pendently of the mean temperatures in the layer from 700 to 300 mb. Since, however, these two quantities are so closely related, mean temperatures may be used as a check on the accuracy of the extrapolated hypsometri- tion, the direction in which that pressure system is moving. Notwithstanding the very definite limits of the spatial range throughout which the deductions drawn by this method can be validly applied, an analysis, which for practical purposes is unique, can be obtained for a considerable region about each point where the extrapolation with respect to time is carried out. This area for which the extrapolation is valid varies with the synoptic situation. Details of the interpretations of the changes of various data with time are found in the studies of single-station analysis made at the Uni- versity of Chicago in the early 1940's [14]. More recent applications of this sort of extrapolation for daily anal- ysis have been made in such diverse regions as the. Fig. 1.—Example of observed thickness patterns in the vicinity of several different frontal Red lines are 1000-700-mb thickness; black lines, sea-level isobars. cal values of the 300-mb surface, contributing in no small way to the value of the subsequent analysis. There is still another approach to the problem of the analysis of regions of exiguous data, based not on ho
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