. The Canadian field-naturalist. 1993 Goodchild: Status of the Striped Shiner 451. Figure 5. Distribution of the Striped Shiner, Luxilus chrysocephalus, in southwestern Ontario. required to initiate spawning. Water temperatures of 15 to 18°C have been reported for Striped Shiners spawning during late April to June, in the United States (Smith 1979; Becker 1983), and between to °C for Common Shiner (Raney 1940). Spawning aduhs, eggs and larvae were collected from Canadian tributaries to Lake Erie during mid- June indicating that spawning had occurred during June and the first half of J
. The Canadian field-naturalist. 1993 Goodchild: Status of the Striped Shiner 451. Figure 5. Distribution of the Striped Shiner, Luxilus chrysocephalus, in southwestern Ontario. required to initiate spawning. Water temperatures of 15 to 18°C have been reported for Striped Shiners spawning during late April to June, in the United States (Smith 1979; Becker 1983), and between to °C for Common Shiner (Raney 1940). Spawning aduhs, eggs and larvae were collected from Canadian tributaries to Lake Erie during mid- June indicating that spawning had occurred during June and the first half of July (Fish 1932). The presence of two egg clutch sizes within maturing ovaries of Striped Shiners was discovered in a study of fecundity relationships in the Grand River, Ontario (Grant 1987). Although many species with protracted reproductive seasons have a number of clutches of ova, the Striped Shiner has a relatively short spawning period not normally asso- ciated with more than one clutch. Having two waves of eggs may provide an adaptive advantage ensuring a maximum number of eggs spawned dur- ing a fluctuating cold period. The premise that Striped Shiners spawn at higher temperatures than Common Shiners is disputed as a result of examination of the condition of the ovaries of both species. Simultaneous ripening of the ovaries in both forms was observed in specimens from the Grand River, Ontario, demonstrating that they prob- ably spawn concurrently (Grant 1987). Similarly in Michigan, no significant difference in the time of spawning was observed for these two species (Gilbert 1961). During spawning male Striped Shiners establish small territories. Nuptial tubercles are used in fight- ing off other males and in defending the nest (Smith 1979). Larger individuals establish dominance, keeping away intruding fish, while mature females school closely around each male providing the opportunity to spawn with many different females. Males may excavate shallow nests in the gravel
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