. Dementia praecox and paraphrenia . patients assume afencing attitude; a patientcontinually held his handsas if he wanted to contracturesare developed in the jointsthat are continually bent;an example of this is givenin Fig. 27,which representsa patient who for longyears had held his armspressed against his bodyand his fingers bent. In stupor the eyes areeither closed, as in the patient represented in Fig. 28; ifanything comes near theyare tightly closed and theeyeballs rolled upwards, orthey are wide open, staringwith dilated pupils into thedistance, never fixing any-
. Dementia praecox and paraphrenia . patients assume afencing attitude; a patientcontinually held his handsas if he wanted to contracturesare developed in the jointsthat are continually bent;an example of this is givenin Fig. 27,which representsa patient who for longyears had held his armspressed against his bodyand his fingers bent. In stupor the eyes areeither closed, as in the patient represented in Fig. 28; ifanything comes near theyare tightly closed and theeyeballs rolled upwards, orthey are wide open, staringwith dilated pupils into thedistance, never fixing any-thing ; blepharoplegia takesplace extremely seldom. Theforehead is drawn up, fre-quently wrinkled ; the ex-pression of the face, vacant,immobile, like a mask, aston-ished, is sometimes reminis-cent of the rigid smile of the-^ginetans. Figs. 29 and 30represent the face of thesame youthful patient atdifferent stages of a severecatatonic stupor. In theformer the face shows morea dazed, rigid perplexity, inthe latter that sleepy vacancy. Expression of face in catatonic stupor {6). 148 DEMENTIA PRECOX which is generally connected, as also here, with lips are often pursed forward like a snout ( Snout-cramp ), and show now and then lightning or rhythmictwitchings. Grinning, sudden laughter, and making faces arefrequent. Constraint is also noticeable in the gait of the indeed it is quite impossible to succeed irj experimentsin walking. The patients simply let themselves fall downstiffly, as soon as one tries to place them on their feet. Inother cases they march with extended knees, on tiptoe, onthe outer edge of the foot, with legs wide apart, with theupper part of the body well bent backwards, sliding, friskingabout, balancing, in short, in any wholly unusual attitudewhich, however, is preserved with all the strength at theircommand in spite of every external influence. A patientwalked with his face turned backwards; a female patientkept accurately to a se
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