. Handbook of flower pollination : based upon Hermann Mu?ller's work 'The fertilisation of flowers by insects' . Fertilization of plants. 442 ANCIOSPERMAE—MONOCOTYLEDONES 874. Lilium Tourn. Homogamous or feebly protandrous or protogynous lepidopterid flowers, secreting nectar in a furrow at the base of each perianth leaf. 2722. L. Martagon L. (Sprengel, 'Entd. Geh.,' pp. 187-9; Delpino, ' Ult. OSS.,' II, pp. 283-4 ; Herm. Miiller, ' Alpenblumen,' pp. 47-8, Nature, London, xii, 1875, pp. 50-1, Kosmos, Leipzig, iii, 1878, ' Weit. Beob.,' I, pp. 275-7; ^- ^""^ C. Dodel-Port, ' Anatomisc
. Handbook of flower pollination : based upon Hermann Mu?ller's work 'The fertilisation of flowers by insects' . Fertilization of plants. 442 ANCIOSPERMAE—MONOCOTYLEDONES 874. Lilium Tourn. Homogamous or feebly protandrous or protogynous lepidopterid flowers, secreting nectar in a furrow at the base of each perianth leaf. 2722. L. Martagon L. (Sprengel, 'Entd. Geh.,' pp. 187-9; Delpino, ' Ult. OSS.,' II, pp. 283-4 ; Herm. Miiller, ' Alpenblumen,' pp. 47-8, Nature, London, xii, 1875, pp. 50-1, Kosmos, Leipzig, iii, 1878, ' Weit. Beob.,' I, pp. 275-7; ^- ^""^ C. Dodel-Port, ' Anatomisch-physiol. Atlas d. Botanik'; Kerner, 'Nat. Hist. PI.,' Eng. Ed. I, II, p. 311; Knuth, ' Bloemenbiol. Bijdragen.')—The nodding flowers of this species are chiefly adapted for pollination by moths, and in a less degree by butterflies. They are homogamous, or, according to Kerner, incompletely proto- gynous. During the day they are only feebly fragrant, and butterflies are attracted by the dirty-bright-purple perianth, marked with darker purple spots, very occasionall)' merged into one another; moths are, however, attracted by the odour of nectar, which becomes much stronger in the evening. At the base of each peri- anth leaf there is a nectar-groove 10-15 mm. long, which closes up by the folding together of its edges and a thick growth of red- dish hairs, into a narrow, nectar- filled tube. At the outer end there is an opening one mm. in diameter. When nocturnal hawk-moths searching for nectar alight on the flower, they first touch with the under-side of their bodies the stigma projecting a little beyond the anthers and then the pol- len-covered anthers themselves. These are, as in Lonicera Periclymenum, only united at one point with the filaments, and therefore swing freely when touched by the legs of the lepidopterid sucking nectar without alighting on the flower, and dust the lower-side of its body with fresh pollen. Butterfly visitors are less successful cross-pollinator
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