Railway and Locomotive Engineering . xten-sion of the flame at the point of the excess of oxygen will diminish thecone. The perfect mixture will neitherburn nor carburet the metal. The point of the white cone of flameshould touch the metal in welding, butcare should be taken not to touch themetal with the point of the torch or aflash-back may ensue, in which case thegases should be turned off can be readily relighted as thetorch approaches the heated weld. Inbeginning for the first time experimentsshould be tried on welding thin strips ofiron or steel J^-inch, or even
Railway and Locomotive Engineering . xten-sion of the flame at the point of the excess of oxygen will diminish thecone. The perfect mixture will neitherburn nor carburet the metal. The point of the white cone of flameshould touch the metal in welding, butcare should be taken not to touch themetal with the point of the torch or aflash-back may ensue, in which case thegases should be turned off can be readily relighted as thetorch approaches the heated weld. Inbeginning for the first time experimentsshould be tried on welding thin strips ofiron or steel J^-inch, or even less, inthickness. This may be done without theuse of welding material, and the torch ap-plied to the proposed weld by a slightupward and forward movement, therebyreducing the tendency to days should be spent on theselight experimental operations, and a fa- or heavy welding, there should be twooperators, so that the gases may be turned Chemicals are also necessary, generallyin powder form, to keep the weld TWO-HOSE CUTTING TORCH. off speedily, if necessary, or one may re-lieve the other to continue the operationwithout cooling. Excessive sparking in-dicates too much oxygen, and the metalis either being burned or oxidized. Theamount of sparks, of course, depends alsoon the bulk of the metal, the volume, orshower, being in a ratio to the amount ofmetal heated by the penetrating surfaces should be carefully cleanedbefore being operated upon. Butt weld-ing is preferable to lap welding, not onlybeing easier to perform, but the certaintyof an absolute weld is visible during theoperation. In the various classes of rail- These preparations are known as fluxes,and have the peculiarity of floating offphysical impurities from the molten also furnish a protecting coatingaround the weld, and make a cleanerweld, thereby producing a better qualityof metal in the work. In closing this brief and elementary .description of what may not improperlyb
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