. Modern blacksmithing, rational horse shoeing and wagon making; with rules, tables, recipes, etc. .. . use the old axle as a guideand cut the new by the old. This is not safe, as theold is mostly sprung out of shape. In hewing the axle for the skein great care should betaken not to cut off too much; better go slow, becauseit depends upon the fitting of the skein to get a goodjob. When the axle is finished or ready to be driveninto the skein be sure to have the axle strong; that is,a little too large to go in easy. Now warm—or heat,if 3^ou will—the skein a little, not so much that it willburn,
. Modern blacksmithing, rational horse shoeing and wagon making; with rules, tables, recipes, etc. .. . use the old axle as a guideand cut the new by the old. This is not safe, as theold is mostly sprung out of shape. In hewing the axle for the skein great care should betaken not to cut off too much; better go slow, becauseit depends upon the fitting of the skein to get a goodjob. When the axle is finished or ready to be driveninto the skein be sure to have the axle strong; that is,a little too large to go in easy. Now warm—or heat,if 3^ou will—the skein a little, not so much that it willburn, and drive it onto its place by a mallet. In mak-ing new wagons I think it would be wise to paint theDart of the axle that goes in the skein, but in repairingI deem it unwise, because it will have a tendency towork loose unless it will have time to dry before using,and I have noticed paint to be still fresh in the skeinafter years of use. There should be no gap leftbetween the collar of the skein and the axle, as waterwill run in and rot the timber. 190 MODERN BLACKSMITHING HOW TO PUT IN SPOKES. VERY wagon-maker is supposed to Knowhow to put in spokes. Still, theic- aresometimes wagon - makers, especiallybeginners, that dont know. Firstclean out the sliver left of the oldspoke, and make the mortise dry. andin every case use glue. In a buggerwheel take the rivet or rivets out, if there is any, andbe sure to have the right shape of the tenon to fit themortise in the hub, so as to make the spoke standplumb. Set the tenon going through the rim. Besure to have this tenon reach through. This is impor-tant in filling a wagon wheel, because, if the tenonsdont reach through the fellow, then the heft will restagainst the shoulder of the tenon, and when the tire isput on tight and the wagon used in wet roads, thefellow will soften and the spokes settle into the tire gets loose, and some one, either the wagon-maker or the blacksmith, will be blamed—in mostcases the blacksmith
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, booksubjecthorsesh, bookyear1913
