. Cunningham's Text-book of anatomy. Anatomy. EASCLE AND MUSCLES OF THE HEAD AND NECK. 447 The deep fascia of the head,and neck presents many remarkable characters. Over the scalp it is represented by the galea aponeurotica ( epicranial aponeurosis), the tendon of the epicraneus muscle. This is a tough membrane, tightly stretched over the calvaria, from which it is separated by loose areolar tissue. It is attached posteriorly, partly through the agency of the occipitalis muscle, to the superior nuchal line of the occipital bone ; anteriorly it joins the frontalis muscle and the orbicularis
. Cunningham's Text-book of anatomy. Anatomy. EASCLE AND MUSCLES OF THE HEAD AND NECK. 447 The deep fascia of the head,and neck presents many remarkable characters. Over the scalp it is represented by the galea aponeurotica ( epicranial aponeurosis), the tendon of the epicraneus muscle. This is a tough membrane, tightly stretched over the calvaria, from which it is separated by loose areolar tissue. It is attached posteriorly, partly through the agency of the occipitalis muscle, to the superior nuchal line of the occipital bone ; anteriorly it joins the frontalis muscle and the orbicularis oculi, and has no bony attachment; laterally it is attached to the temporal line and the mastoid process. Below the temporal line it is continuous with the temporal fascia, a stout layer of fascia attached to the temporal line and zygomatic arch, which covers and gives origin to the temporal muscle. This fascia separates into two layers above the zygomatic arch, to en- close a quantity of fat along with branches of the temporal and zygo- matico-orbital arteries. On the face the fascia is practically non-existent' anteriorly in relation to the facial muscles. Pos- teriorly it forms the thin parotideo - masseteric fascia, and is much thicker in relation to the parotid gland, for which it forms a capsule. In the neck the deep fascia invests the mus- cles, and forms fascial coverings for the pharynx, trachea, oeso- phagus, glands, and large vessels. It encloses the sterno - mastoid muscle, and can be traced back- wards over the posterior triangle to the trapezius 21! carotid sheath dn li 22. Phrenic nerve. deeper muscles, 23. longus colli muscle which it surrounds; it can be traced forwards over the anterior triangle to the median plane of the neck, where it forms a continu- ous membrane. Above the sternum the fascia, after enclosing the sterno-mastoid muscles, is attached in the form of two layers to the front and back of the jugular notch. The layer enclosing the infra-hyoid mus
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1910, booksubjectanatomy, bookyear1914
