. Handbook of the trees of the northern states and Canada east of the Rocky Mountains, photo-descriptive . Trees. Handbook of Teees of the Nokthekn States and Canada. 121 The Paper Birch, west of the Rocky Moun- tains, is said to attain a height of 120 it. with trunk from 3-4 ft. in thickness, but elsewhere rarely exceeds 70 or 80 ft. in height. When isolated from other trees it develops a full rounded and usually irregular top of many branches. The bark of the larger branches and young trunks is laminate, smooth and of creamy or ivory whiteness, marked with long horizontal raised lentieels. A
. Handbook of the trees of the northern states and Canada east of the Rocky Mountains, photo-descriptive . Trees. Handbook of Teees of the Nokthekn States and Canada. 121 The Paper Birch, west of the Rocky Moun- tains, is said to attain a height of 120 it. with trunk from 3-4 ft. in thickness, but elsewhere rarely exceeds 70 or 80 ft. in height. When isolated from other trees it develops a full rounded and usually irregular top of many branches. The bark of the larger branches and young trunks is laminate, smooth and of creamy or ivory whiteness, marked with long horizontal raised lentieels. As the trunk en- larges the bark becomes more or less streaked and blotched with blackish and the outer layers separate and roll back in large ragged sheets. On very old trunks the bark at base becomes broken into large closely appressed irregular scales. It inhabits rich slopes and ornaments the banks of northern streams and lake-shores from the Atlantic to the Pacific, ranging north- ward to the Arctic Circle. With the northern Indians its bark, impervious to water, is an indispensable material for the manufacture of their canoes and for many articles for domestic use. The wood, of which a cubic foot when abso- lutely dry weighs lbs., is used in the manufacture of wooden-ware, wood-pulp, etc., and is excellent for Leaves ovate, 2-4 in. long, acute or acuminate at apex, rounded or obtuse (cordate in var. cortli- folia Fern.) and entire at base, doubly or ir- regularly serrate, thick and tirm at maturity, glabrous dark green above, paler and pubescent on the veins and with black glands beneath. Flowcris: staminate aments 94-lVt in. Ions; in winter, finally 3-4 in. long; pistillate aments I-IV2 in. long, slender, with light grepn scales and red styles. Fruit: strobiles cylindrical, about IV2 in. long, drooping, glabrous, middle lobe of scales longer than broad ; nutlet much narrower than its wings. 1. Syn. B. papyracea Alt. 2. A. W., II, Please note that these i
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