. The Canadian field-naturalist. . Figure 1. Drawing of the Paddlefish, Polyodon spathula, lateral and ventral views. (Drawing by M. Service, courtesy Department of Fisheries and Oceans.) Red River systems in Manitoba through the Missouri River system via the Garrison Diversion Project. Carlson and Bonislawsky (1981) con- firmed the presence of a Paddlefish population in Lake Sakakawea, North Dakota, this population may expand into Manitoba once the Garrison Diversion Project is completed. Commercial harvest of specific populations is permitted in twelve mid-western and southern states. In gen
. The Canadian field-naturalist. . Figure 1. Drawing of the Paddlefish, Polyodon spathula, lateral and ventral views. (Drawing by M. Service, courtesy Department of Fisheries and Oceans.) Red River systems in Manitoba through the Missouri River system via the Garrison Diversion Project. Carlson and Bonislawsky (1981) con- firmed the presence of a Paddlefish population in Lake Sakakawea, North Dakota, this population may expand into Manitoba once the Garrison Diversion Project is completed. Commercial harvest of specific populations is permitted in twelve mid-western and southern states. In general, commercial harvest of Paddlefish in the Mississippi Valley is small compared to catches around the turn of the century (Carlson and Bonislowsky 1981). The largest Paddlefish fisheries presently exist in the Tennessee, Mississippi, Cumberland, Arkansas, Yellowstone and Osage rivers (Gengerke 1983). Habitat Paddlefish specimens collected from Canada at the turn of the century were taken from inshore areas of the Great Lakes or from moderately large tributary rivers of the Great Lakes (Halkett 1913). Paddlefish are reported from large slow-moving waters of the Mississippi River system (Pflieger 1975; Rosen and Hales 1983). Southall and Hubert (1984) reported that habitats preferred by Paddlefish are seasonally variable, and are directly hnked to food supply (they are invertebrate filter feeders) and flow rates. During the spring spawning period Paddlefish were found to congregate below dams and in tailwater areas. Paddlefish utilized main channel borders, backwater areas and areas of reduced current. Russell (1983) reported that populations had developed in some large man-made impound- ments, but Paddlefish must have access to large, free-flowing rivers to spawn. He suggested that their spawning needs include a water temperature near 60° F (16°C), clean gravel substrate for egg attachment, and increased water flow to trigger spawning. Because of these exacting requirements
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