Contributions in geographical exploration . rom underKnife Peak, near its junction with the River Lethe and Buttress vapors were largely invisible gases rather than steam. In fact, welocated it more by the noise it made than by its steam. The throatswere baked hard, but the surroimding ash was soft, without conspicuousdeposits. Photographs 4138, 4139. March. 1919] Temperatures of Ten Thousand Smokes 271 No. 25. T. 274°C. X, S 39 E. IX, X (i7 E. Needle Peak. X 04 E. This was^ on the line of sand fissures that extends across the northend of the Valley from Pasture Peak to Station IX. I
Contributions in geographical exploration . rom underKnife Peak, near its junction with the River Lethe and Buttress vapors were largely invisible gases rather than steam. In fact, welocated it more by the noise it made than by its steam. The throatswere baked hard, but the surroimding ash was soft, without conspicuousdeposits. Photographs 4138, 4139. March. 1919] Temperatures of Ten Thousand Smokes 271 No. 25. T. 274°C. X, S 39 E. IX, X (i7 E. Needle Peak. X 04 E. This was^ on the line of sand fissures that extends across the northend of the Valley from Pasture Peak to Station IX. It may l>c Uikcnas typical of many similar fumaroles which are Krriduallyincrea.*;ingin size because wind-blown sand continuall\- lodges around their first caught by the moisture of the steam, this is later cementedtogether by the emanations from the fumarole. fonning showv layersof many hues. The insides of the throats are hard about were spots covered with a thin green laver of algx (>)Photograi)h Photo^rapn ny Jasper D. Sayre OF THE ORIFICES IX THE LIXE CALLED. COLLECTIVELY. AREA 14. The temperature in the throat of this particular hole was 299 C. Another nearby registered 400° C. No. 26. T. 196° C. 500 yards N 6S E from Xo. Lo. Similar to Xo. 25 in appearance and construction, Ixing built up ofwind blown ash, caught by the steam. Its hard baked throat wasquite alone and not suiTounded by any smaller cracks or crexices. Thetemperature was 190° C. Photographs 2141, 4140. No. 27. T. 100° C. 50 yards East of Xo. 20. Although similar to Xos. 25 and 20 in ap{)earance and apparentlyas hot, this fumarole was much cooler and gave off much more steamthan either one of the foregoing. It was not until we un])ackcd ourpyrometer that we found that its temperature was only 1(K»° C. other-wise we would not have stojiped here. There was no oMispicu<niscolor in the throat, but the steam bathed ash was covered with a gnvnishcrust. Collec
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Keywords: ., bookcentury1900, bookdecade1920, bookpublishercolum, bookyear1920
