A text-book on diseases of the ear, nose and throat . Right nasal fossa. Atrophy of mucous membrane and turbinated bones. (Zuckerkandl.) 3/, middleturbinal; U, lower turbinal; T. Eustachian tube. line the entire nasal cavity like a cast. The mucous membrane is pale,neither eroded nor ulcerated, and in advanced cases is firmly attached tothe bony surface like a thin serous membrane. Extreme atroi^hy of theturbinals makes x)ossible direct inspection of the nasopharynx and Eu- FiG. Metaplasia of cylindrical epithelium of nasal mucosa to pavement epithelium. (Stoerk.) a, epi-dermis-like chan
A text-book on diseases of the ear, nose and throat . Right nasal fossa. Atrophy of mucous membrane and turbinated bones. (Zuckerkandl.) 3/, middleturbinal; U, lower turbinal; T. Eustachian tube. line the entire nasal cavity like a cast. The mucous membrane is pale,neither eroded nor ulcerated, and in advanced cases is firmly attached tothe bony surface like a thin serous membrane. Extreme atroi^hy of theturbinals makes x)ossible direct inspection of the nasopharynx and Eu- FiG. Metaplasia of cylindrical epithelium of nasal mucosa to pavement epithelium. (Stoerk.) a, epi-dermis-like change of epithelium; b, preserved cylindrical epithelium in a state of secretion; c, mucousgland. stachian orifice, the infundibulum with the openings of the accessorysinuses, and the orifice of the sphenoidal sinus. 324 DISEASES OF THE NOSE AND NASOPHARYNX. Microscopically, there are found in the less advanced cases areas ofpavement epithelium where normally the ciliated kind should be in the disease the submucous tissues present the round-celled in-filtration usual to chronic inflammatory processes ; later these organizeinto cicatricial tissue. The mucous glands become obliterated, sufferampullar enlargement in places, diminish in number, and the muscularelements of the erectile tissue atrophy. The specialized epithelium ofthe olfactory region also suffers metaplasia, so that in most cases ofatrophic rhinitis the sense of smell is lost. Frankel found that the Fig. 1
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