A system of surgery : theoretical and practical . 164. Patency of the tubular process of the peritonaeum .... 798 165. Subdivision of the vaginal process of the peritonteum by a narrowing above the testis . . . . . 799 166. Direct inguinal hernia . . . . .816 167. Double femoral hernia . . . , . 817 168. Condition of the ileum and sac in a case of strangulated hernia . . 819 169. Bubonocele and femoral hernia . . . . 820 170. Internal haemorrhoids surrounded by external haemorrhoids . . 835 171. Clamp for removing piles . . . , . 839 172. Cauteries for removing piles ....... 840 173. Prolapsus
A system of surgery : theoretical and practical . 164. Patency of the tubular process of the peritonaeum .... 798 165. Subdivision of the vaginal process of the peritonteum by a narrowing above the testis . . . . . 799 166. Direct inguinal hernia . . . . .816 167. Double femoral hernia . . . , . 817 168. Condition of the ileum and sac in a case of strangulated hernia . . 819 169. Bubonocele and femoral hernia . . . . 820 170. Internal haemorrhoids surrounded by external haemorrhoids . . 835 171. Clamp for removing piles . . . , . 839 172. Cauteries for removing piles ....... 840 173. Prolapsus recti in a child . . . . 843 174. ,, ,, in an adult ....... 843 175. Cancerous growth protruding from the anus, surrounded by external piles . 862 176. Warty polypi at the anus ........ 865 177. Villous tumoiu- of the rectum ........ 866 Corrections in Vol. II. Page 7, Hne 3 from top, for ~ read fa.„ 10. „ ?<from Plate Fig. 1. Plate TIL. Fig. 1. rend Plate Figi?. 1 and 2,. DISEASES OF THE EYE. CHAPTER I. OPTICAL DEFECTS. Refraction and Accovimodation.—Emmetrofia ; Ametropia i^Myopia,Hypermetropia, Presbyopia, Astigmatism). ASSUMIlSTGr the reader to be acquainted with the general laws of optics, itwill be convenient to begin with their application to the eye as an opticalinstrument, and then to pass to the consideration of those defects which interferewith its proper performance. The eye may be compared to a camera obscura in which the sclerotic, lined by thechoroid, represents the box with its blackened interior; the iris corresponds to theperforated diaphragm which stops out the extreme peripheral rays of the incidentcone of light; the ocular media answer to the system of lenses which collects the rays,and the retina to the screen upon which are formed the images of external objectslying before the camera. Refraction.—The transparent media of the eye are the cornea, aqueous humour,lens, and vitreous humour. At each of their limiting surfaces all
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