. The "bluing" and the "red rot" of the western yellow pine, with special reference to the Black Hills Forest Reserve . tains enough timber to makea good cross-tie. Plate XIII.—Fig. 1. View of a broken top, showing how it has broken off almoststraight across. Near the middle of the figure a fruiting body of the red-rotfungus (Polyporusponderosus, n. sp.) is growing out. Fig. 2. Base of a dead bullpine {Finns ponderosa) near Elmore, S. Dak., showing a number of fruitingorgans of the red-rot fungus [Polyporus ponderosus, n. sp.) growing out fromthe wood. These are the bodies variously known as p
. The "bluing" and the "red rot" of the western yellow pine, with special reference to the Black Hills Forest Reserve . tains enough timber to makea good cross-tie. Plate XIII.—Fig. 1. View of a broken top, showing how it has broken off almoststraight across. Near the middle of the figure a fruiting body of the red-rotfungus (Polyporusponderosus, n. sp.) is growing out. Fig. 2. Base of a dead bullpine {Finns ponderosa) near Elmore, S. Dak., showing a number of fruitingorgans of the red-rot fungus [Polyporus ponderosus, n. sp.) growing out fromthe wood. These are the bodies variously known as punks, toadstools,mushrooms, or frogstools. The double one to the left is very old. Notethe cracked upper surface. A section of the trunk made at the point wherethese bodies are growing out would appear much like PI. XI, fig. 3. Plate XIV.—Sections of the ends of two cross-ties cut from dead timber, showingdefects which are so serious that ties of this kind should be rejected. Fig. because of the red rot. Fig. 2. Defective because of a disease of theliving timber. o Bui. 3? B : : PLATE I!. ass sM m^.
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