. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Marine biology. 332 T. F. BOLTON AND J. N. HAVENHAND < ). A. aspersa sperm were incapable of fertilizing eggs after 3 h incubation in homospecific egg water (Fig. 2). Sperm activity The proportion of active Ciona intestinalis sperm was greater in the homospecific (CEW) and heterospecific (AEW) egg-water treatments than in the control (ASW) treatment up to 1 h after initiation of the experiment (Fig. 3). Analysis of variance showed that the proportion of active sperm differed significantly between treatments over time (F = , P <
. The Biological bulletin. Biology; Zoology; Marine biology. 332 T. F. BOLTON AND J. N. HAVENHAND < ). A. aspersa sperm were incapable of fertilizing eggs after 3 h incubation in homospecific egg water (Fig. 2). Sperm activity The proportion of active Ciona intestinalis sperm was greater in the homospecific (CEW) and heterospecific (AEW) egg-water treatments than in the control (ASW) treatment up to 1 h after initiation of the experiment (Fig. 3). Analysis of variance showed that the proportion of active sperm differed significantly between treatments over time (F = , P < ). Tukey's test showed that, after 1 h, the proportion of active C. intestinalis sperm in the CEW and AEW treatments was significantly higher than in the ASW control treatment (q = , P ). After h incubation, the proportion of active C. intes- tinalis sperm in the CEW and AEW treatments declined to a level that was significantly lower than in the ASW control (q = , P < ) (Fig. 3). Sperm of C. intestinalis in the CEW and AEW treatments showed no activity after 3 h. Some sperm were noted to twitch their tails periodically; however, this was not recorded as rep- resenting activity. C. intestinalis sperm in the ASW control treatment remained active for the duration of the exper- iment (12 h), although the proportion of active sperm de- cUned steadily between 3 h and 12 h (Fig. 3). More Ascidiella aspersa sperm were active in the ho- mospecific (AEW) treatment than in the heterospecific (CEW) and ASW control treatments during the first h of the experiment (Fig. 4). Analysis of variance indicated that there was a significant difference between the pro- portion of active sperm in treatments over time (F CEW AEW ASW CBV AEW ASW. Figure 3. Proportion of active Ciona intestinalis sperm in treatments over time. Each datum point represents the mean (±SE) proportion of active sperm in live replicates. Symbols for different treatments are iden- tified in th
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