Bismillah and Qur'anic verse (81:1-14), 14th century, Calligraphy, Arabic, Calligraphy, Persian, Manuscripts, Arabic, Washington (), Iran, Iraq, Arabic script calligraphy, Illuminated Islamic manuscripts, Islamic calligraphy, Islamic manuscripts, Qur'anic verses, Rayhani, In Rayhani script, a Quranic page, probable location of 13 century Iran., Dimensions of Written Surface: (w) x (h) cm, The calligraphy is executed in rayhani script. This writing style is most closely associated with the master calligrapher Yaqut al-Musta'simi (d. 1298) and Qur'ans produced in Iran during the 13t
Bismillah and Qur'anic verse (81:1-14), 14th century, Calligraphy, Arabic, Calligraphy, Persian, Manuscripts, Arabic, Washington (), Iran, Iraq, Arabic script calligraphy, Illuminated Islamic manuscripts, Islamic calligraphy, Islamic manuscripts, Qur'anic verses, Rayhani, In Rayhani script, a Quranic page, probable location of 13 century Iran., Dimensions of Written Surface: (w) x (h) cm, The calligraphy is executed in rayhani script. This writing style is most closely associated with the master calligrapher Yaqut al-Musta'simi (d. 1298) and Qur'ans produced in Iran during the 13th and 14th centuries. It is related to other cursive styles, in particular naskh and muhaqqaq. Unlike these latter two scripts, its sublinear letters display less depth of curve below the line, are more angular, and point to the left, thus giving the script more momentum (Lings and Safadi 1976, 42). The diacritical marks, the vowels, quiet stops (sukun), and orthographic signs such as the doubling of letters (tashdid), etc, always are executed with a finer pen than the characters of the script (Safadi 1979, 72). As seen in this fragment, the diacritical marks are much smaller, thinner, and in a lighter brown color, thus emphasizing the letters on the main line of script and alleviating the interlinear spaces., The verses are separated by ayah markers constructed of simple gold circles outlined in dark brown ink. Above the verses appear a variety of recitation marks (signs for stops, or 'alamat al-waqf) mostly in red ink. Other marks in sloppy blue ink appear on the third line to elongate the 'a' sound or add the last letter 's' to the truncated word 'souls' (al-nufus). These added marks show that the fragment was utilized throughout the centuries., This calligraphic fragment shows a collector's interest in preserving only verses 81:1-14, as they represent a complete picture of eschatological events. Neither the chapter's title is preserved (despite the appearance of the
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Photo credit: © Artokoloro / Alamy / Afripics
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