Trees; a handbook of forest-botany for the woodlands and the laboratory . , L. The broader-leafed forms, elliptic tobroad oval or ovate, may be looked for here (see p. 243);the serratulation may be extremely minute or even p. 288. Salix Lapponum, though usually entire, occasionallyshows undulate toothing, and might then be looked forhere. See p. 288. I~l n Leaves larger, about 5—10 cm. or morelong, distinctly toothed. Plant not dtvarfor creeping. § Serrate or bi-serrate, teeth small; vena-tion pinnate, or pinnate-looped andreticulate. Jf Simply serrate; venation pinnate-loopedand re
Trees; a handbook of forest-botany for the woodlands and the laboratory . , L. The broader-leafed forms, elliptic tobroad oval or ovate, may be looked for here (see p. 243);the serratulation may be extremely minute or even p. 288. Salix Lapponum, though usually entire, occasionallyshows undulate toothing, and might then be looked forhere. See p. 288. I~l n Leaves larger, about 5—10 cm. or morelong, distinctly toothed. Plant not dtvarfor creeping. § Serrate or bi-serrate, teeth small; vena-tion pinnate, or pinnate-looped andreticulate. Jf Simply serrate; venation pinnate-loopedand reticulate. Pyrus Malus, L. Apple (Fig. 88). Small tree withleaves tufted on the dwarf shoots. Leaves broad and short,ovate or oval to oblong-ovate, 4—10 x 3—6 cm., acute oracuminate, serrate or crenate-serrate, tough, glabrous ornearly so in some forms but typically shining above and APPLE 251 hoary or velvety beneath. Not blackening on not exceeding half the length of the midrib, 1—5cm. Stipules subulate, downy, deciduous. Autumn Fig. 88. Apple, Pyrus Malm, p. 250 (D). Venation pinnate-looped and reticulate. About half-a-dozen strong secondaries leave the midrib on either sideand curve forwards at about equal angles of 45° or so, asif pinnate ; but they soon loop and become reticulate, withsecondary loops superposed between them and the margin,the smaller veins ending in the teeth. Each pair of se-condaries in mid-leaf about \—\ the length of the midribapart. Tertiaries leaving the secondaries at more acuteangles on the inner than on the outer side, and tending to 252 WHITE BEAM form cross-ties: they are fairly strong, those of the outerside of the lower secondaries particularly so, transverseand close. The veins of higher orders very fine. [The leaf of the Pear is tomentose when young, butbecomes glabrous or nearly so : it has a finer and moreprominent reticulation and a longer, more slender petiole,and the dwarf shoots tend to be th
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