. A history of the United States . ^, and he proved himself fully worthy of the office which fell to him without the wish or expectation of the people. Arthur was born in Vermont, 1830, received a college education, taught school, and studied law; was collector of tlie port of New York, 1871-78, elected Vice-President, 1880, and quietly. succeeded to the Presidency at Garfields death.^ 1 Ex-President Arthur died in New York, November 11, ANTT-POLYGAMY BILL; CIVIL SERVICE ACT. 367 395. Anti-Polygamy BiU. (1882.) — Civil Service Act. (1883.) — In 1882 Senator Edmunds, of Vermont, introduc


. A history of the United States . ^, and he proved himself fully worthy of the office which fell to him without the wish or expectation of the people. Arthur was born in Vermont, 1830, received a college education, taught school, and studied law; was collector of tlie port of New York, 1871-78, elected Vice-President, 1880, and quietly. succeeded to the Presidency at Garfields death.^ 1 Ex-President Arthur died in New York, November 11, ANTT-POLYGAMY BILL; CIVIL SERVICE ACT. 367 395. Anti-Polygamy BiU. (1882.) — Civil Service Act. (1883.) — In 1882 Senator Edmunds, of Vermont, introduced a billinto Congress, which was passed, designing to suppress polyg-amy, still practised by the Mormons in Utah and in the neigh-boring territories. A result of this act was, that in 1890the president of the Mormon body officially stated that polyg-amy was to be abolished. The death of President Garfield had attracted the atten-tion of the people to the question of reform in the matter ofappointments and removals in the public service. Ever sincethe time of Andrew Jackson, public offices had been consid-ered the legitimate reward for party services; but now thepeople began to feel that the government business should becarried on according to business principles, and that a gov-ernment clerk should not be chosen because he was a Demo-crat or a Republican, but because of his fitness for the position,nor should he be turned out unles


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