The diseases of women : a handbook for students and practitioners . it up againstthe cervix, and it be kept in this position when the sound iswithdrawn, the length of the cavity can be exactly read , we look at the sound, to see if its introduction hascaused bleeding. The Volsella.—This is principally an instrument fortreatment, but may be required also for diagnosis. It isused to draw the cervix down, and is generally applied tothe anterior lip. In most cases an antero-posterior graspof the anterior lip is obtained; but in nulliparae with a smallcervix it is often more convenient to
The diseases of women : a handbook for students and practitioners . it up againstthe cervix, and it be kept in this position when the sound iswithdrawn, the length of the cavity can be exactly read , we look at the sound, to see if its introduction hascaused bleeding. The Volsella.—This is principally an instrument fortreatment, but may be required also for diagnosis. It isused to draw the cervix down, and is generally applied tothe anterior lip. In most cases an antero-posterior graspof the anterior lip is obtained; but in nulliparae with a smallcervix it is often more convenient to seize the lip trans-versely. When the uterine canal is bent, traction on thecervix tends to straighten it, and thus facilitates the intro-duction of the sound. The ordinary volsella (Fig. 8) isslender, with thin hooks ; for obtaining a firm hold, as whenthe uterine canal is being dilated, the bulldog volsella (Fen-tons) is a very convenient instrument. EXAMINATION OF PELVIC ORGANS. 45 In removing a volsella, care is required lest the vagina be caught and Fig. 8.—Bulldog volsella; slender volsella. The Speculum.—Introduced as an instrument of diag-nosis, the speculum has now become an appliance fortreatment. There is very little that a speculum shows thatcannot be discovered by touch. It is convenient, however, 46 DISEASES OF WOMEN. to see at times the condition of the vagina and the simplest is the cylindrical or Fergussous speculum(Fig. 9). This is a hollow cylinder of stout glass, silveredlike a mirror and coated with vulcanite. Its extremity isbevelled and is very liable to chip. When this happens itwill scratch the patient and cause pain. To introduce it,the instrument is warmed and lubricated with oil orvaseline and the perineum isheld backward while the endof the speculum is pressedagainst it. The instrument isgently pushed in the directionof the vaginal axis. If care betaken to avoid pressure ante-
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