The drug plants of Illinois drugplantsofilli44teho Year: 1951 APOGYNUM GANNABINUM L. Black Indian hemp, Amy root, rheuma- tism root, Indian physic, Choctaw root. Apocynaceae.—An erect, mostly gla- brous, glaucous herb 2 to 10 feet tall, per- ennial; sap milky; root and rootstalk verti- cal, deep, soon branching; stem extensive- ly branched, woody at the base; bark tough, fibrous; branches erect, exceeding the main stem; leaves opposite, oblong to oblong lanceolate, nearly sessile, entire, mucronate-tlpped, pale green, at most sparingly pubescent beneath; the flowers greenish-white, in dense
The drug plants of Illinois drugplantsofilli44teho Year: 1951 APOGYNUM GANNABINUM L. Black Indian hemp, Amy root, rheuma- tism root, Indian physic, Choctaw root. Apocynaceae.—An erect, mostly gla- brous, glaucous herb 2 to 10 feet tall, per- ennial; sap milky; root and rootstalk verti- cal, deep, soon branching; stem extensive- ly branched, woody at the base; bark tough, fibrous; branches erect, exceeding the main stem; leaves opposite, oblong to oblong lanceolate, nearly sessile, entire, mucronate-tlpped, pale green, at most sparingly pubescent beneath; the flowers greenish-white, in dense terminal clusters; the 5 petal tips erect; calyx as long as the corolla tube; fruit a long, slender pod (usually in pairs) containing numerous brown, slender, silk-tipped seeds. Roots and rootstocks collected in late fall; the top, woody part of the rootstock, which is valueless, should be removed. State-wide in distribution; of very common occurrence along streams on moist, gravel- ly, or sandy flats. Contents and uses the same as those of the preceding species. ARALIA NUDIGAULIS L. Wild sarsaparilla, sarsaparilla, small spike- nard. Araliaceae.—An almost stemless herb 8 to 16 inches tall, perennial; roots long, horizontal, aromatic; leaf 1, long- stalked, compound, with 3 primary divi- sions each bearing 5 oblong-ovate to oval- pointed, serrate leaflets; blossoms greenish white, In 2 to 7 umbels at the top of the flower scape; fruit a purplish-black berry 14 inch long, 5-lobed when dry. Root collected In the fall. Infrequent to rare on rocky, wooded bluffs across the northern third of the state. Contains a bitter, pungent volatile oil and a resin. Used as a substitute for the true sarsaparilla, which is obtained from certain species of Smilax. It is an aromatic stimu- lant, diaphoretic, and alterative.
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